RECORD OF ACHIEVEMENTS 
OF DEMOCRATS IN OHIO 


OHIO 

DEMOCRATIC 

CAMPAIGN 

TEXT-BOOK 


1914 


ISSUED BY 

THE DEMOCRATIC STATE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 
OF OHIO 

403-405 HAYDEN-CLINTON BUILDING 
COLUMBUS, OHIO 


EVERY PROMISE HAS BEEN KEPT 
DOES IT PAY TO KEEP THE FAITH? 

















THE QUESTION IN 1914 


T he election this fall in Ohio will be for the 
purpose of filling State offices, including 
the governorship, the election of a United 
States senator, twenty-two representatives in the 
lower house of Congress, and the county officers 
of the various counties. It will therefore be ''een 
that this is by no means an off year in Ohio 
politics. 

The three major parties,—Democratic, Repub¬ 
lican and Progressive—have nominated full State 
and Congressional tickets. The Socialists have 
nominated a State ticket, and in some instances, 
candidates for Congress. The Prohibitionists have 
endorsed the Progressive ticket. 

The issue, so far as the Democrats are con¬ 
cerned, is the progressive legislation enacted by 
the last General Assembly.. This legislation 
includes a compulsory Workmen’s Compensation 
Law, a State Road Building Program, a modern 
Tax Law, a Saloon Licensing Law, a complete and 
modern School Code, a Mothers’ Pension Act, and 
a number of other progressive enactments. 

The Republican platform is a straddle upon 
the temperance question, a condemnation of the 
State Highway Department, with a promise to 
abolish that modern method of securing universal 
good roads, opposition to the tax law, a revision 
of the Workmen's Compensation Law, and con¬ 
demnation of practicaly everything progressive 
adopted by the Democrats. 

The Progressive platform endorses Woman’s 
suffrage and state wide prohibition, but does not 
oppose generally the laws enacted under this 
administration. 

So, reduced to its last analysis, we have a 
contest for the continuance of the humane and 
regulatory enactments of a Democratic admin¬ 
istration. 

The Democratic party, through its platform, 
goes on record as opposing at this time any further 
extensive legislation, and urges a short session 
only of the next General Asembly. 

But the success of the new laws, of course, 
depends upon their proper enforcement. With a 
hostile administration, the Workmen’s Compensa¬ 
tion Law, now known to be so beneficial to the 
working men of this State, would easily be 
rendered useless. Our School Code would become 
a travesty. The Tax Law would be amended 
that the tax dodgers who have been put upon the 
duplicate would escape again. Regulation of 
saloons would be unknown. The whole regime of 
State House graft would unquestionably be 
Inaugurated because the defeat of the Democratic 
party would bring into power the identical group 
which thrived in the balmy days of political cor¬ 
ruption in this State. 










«jys^^<33^Aj-ej ^ >» 

I Ohio Democratic 

5 

I Campaign Text-Book 

I 

> 1914 


Record of Achievements 
Every Promise Fulfilled 


Issued by 

THE DEMOCRATIC STATE EXECiri'lVE 
COMMITTEE OF OHIO 

403-405 Hayden-Clintnn Building 
Columbus, Ohio 


Honesty, Efficiency, Economy 
and Progress Assured 
Under Democracy 

Does It Pay to Keep the Faith? 


1 








TOPICAL INDEX. 


,cj,V 




PAGE 

The Question in 1914.Inside Front Cover 

Title .. ^ 

Topical Index . ^ 


Biographies 

James M. Cox . 

W. A. Greenland . 

J. H. Secrest . 

John P. Brennan. 

Joseph McGhee . 

Frank E. McKean . 

Timothy S. Hogan . 

Hugh L. Nichols . 

J. Foster Wilkin . 

Phil. M. Crow. 

Every Promise Kept . 

Platform of 1912 . 

Inaugural Address of James M. Cox 

First Message . 

Platform of 1914 . 


3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 
9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

13 

16 

18 

47 


Keep the Program of Progress in the Hands of Its 


Friends—Review . 49 

.No Scandal in the Treasury . 55 

Frantic Crowd of Lobbyists . 59 

Convention Speeches 

Ex-Governor James E. Carnpbell . 61 

Governor James M. Cox . 67 

Attorney General Timothy S. Hogan . 75 

Senator Atlee Pomerene . 79 


Inside Back Cover 


“The New Ohio” . 

Democratic State Ticket 


Back Cover 





























Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914 . 3 


FOR GOVERNOR 



JAMES M. COX, 

Dayton. 

James M. Cox, the Governor of Ohio, was born at 
Jacksonburg, Butler County, Ohio, on March 31, 1870. 

He was reared on a farm and is the product of the 
old fashioned country school, and of the Middletown High 
School. Mr. Cox, after leaving school first served in the 
office of a printer. Then he taught school, and later 
became a reporter. His work secured him a position on 
the staff of The Cincinnati Enquirer. While thus engaged 
he was appointed secretary to the late Congressman Paul 
Sorg, which position he held until 1898, when he purchased 
the Dayton Daily News. He rebuilt the paper and made it 
the most progressive, substantial and influential publica¬ 
tion in Ohio. In 1905 he purchased the Springfield Daily 
News, and now owns and operates both these papers. 

Mr. Cox was elected a member in the Sixty-first 
Congress in 1908 and served his constituents so well and 
so faithfully that he was re-elected in 1910 by a great 
majority. He gained recognition for his efforts and in 
1912 was elected Governor of Ohio. He has displayed 
remarkable capacity for work with conscientious effort 
and in less than two years has given Ohio more than has 
ever been given before of honesty, efficiency, economy and 
humanity in government. 

With a pledge for progress, with the constitutional 
amendments demanding action, elected on a platform of 
advancement, business conduct, honesty and efficiency. 
Governor Cox has rendered a faithful accounting. He 
has fulfilled every promise made the people. He has made 
good from every viewpoint. 






W. A. GREENLUND, 

Cleveland. 

The record of Hon. W, A. Greenlund in the Eightieth 
General Assembly entitles him to the consideration of the 
electorate of Ohio as the Democratic candidate for Lieut¬ 
enant Governor. He was one of five Democratic Senators 
representing the Twenty-fifth district, which is composed 
entirely of Cuyahoga County, and played a most important 
part in the legislation of 1913. 

W. A. Greenlund was born at Titusville, Pennsyl¬ 
vania, February 20, 1873. His father, Andrew P Green¬ 
lund, was a native of Denmark, who came to this country 
in 1860. 

The son received his education in the common schools 
and high school at Pittsburg, Pa., and, in the year 1891, 
he went to Cleveland where he engaged in the real estate 
business. In 1901 Mr. Greenlund was married to Miss 
Burleigh M. Fritz, of Cleveland, and they have one son. 

At the regular session of the Ohio Senate, in 1913, 
Mr. Greenlund was the author of the important “Liquor 
License Bill,” which was passed in conformity with the 
provision of the Fourth Ohio Constitutional Convention 
amendment adopted by the people by a vote of 84,536 ma¬ 
jority in a majority of the counties. He was also active 
in behalf of Prison Reform, Child Labor and Mother’s 
Pension bills, also legislation for Registration of Land 
Titles, and was the author of the last two named. Mr. 
Greenlund was chairman of the Committee on Prisons and 
Prison Reform and of the Committee on Temperance. 
He was a member of the committees for Benevolent Insti¬ 
tutions, Labor, Municipal Affairs, Sanitary Laws, and 
Soldiers’ and Sailor’s Orphan’s Home. 











Ohk)) Democratic Campaign Text-Book, ItU. i 5 
FOR SECRETARY OF STATE 



J. H. SECREST, 

Columbus. 

/ 

The position of Chief Assistant to the Secretary of 
State in Ohio is important and requires ability of high 
order. Upon assuming office in 1911 Secretary Graves 
selected J. H. Secrest, a Democrat and a popular and suc¬ 
cessful lawyer. In August, 1913, Mr. Secrest was selected 
for a long term membership of the State Licensing Board, 
and in August, 1914, he was selected at the primary election 
as the Democratic candidate for Secretary of State, to 
succeed his former chief in the office. 

John Howard Secrest was born at Senecaville, 
Guernsey County, Ohio, March 28, 1871, where his father, 
Noah E. Secrest, still lives, his mother having died there 
in 1877. The son, Howard, was educated in the common 
schools and at Ohio Northern University, where he was 
graduated from the classical course in 1895. Later he was 
given a post-graduatq course there. For a number of 
years Mr. Secrest was engaged in public school work, 
serving as Superintendent of Schools at Antwerp, Pauld¬ 
ing County, for a term of seven years, and in the same 
capacity at Ottawa, Ohio for a term of three years. In 
1903, on the ticket with Tom L. Johnson, he made the 
race for State School Commissioner. In 1904, having 
studied law while in school work, Mr. Secrest was admitted 
to the bar in Ohio, and practised law successfully ia Lima, 
Ohio, until selected as Assistant Secretary of State. 

In 1907 Mr. Secrest was married to Miss Nellie 
Oberbeck, of Ottawa, Ohio. They have one daughter, 
Jane, aged five years. 






6 


Ohio Democratic Campaign' Text- Book, 1914. 
FOR STATE TREASURER 



JOHN P. BRENNAN, 

Urbana. 

The faithful service of nearly two years as State 
Treasurer and four years as cashier in the department, 
entitle John P. Brennan to re-election. His stewardship 
in the past is the best promise of what he will do in the 
future. He has made better a record that has been good 
for six years, and will continue on the high standard he 
has himself set. Since Mr. Brennan has been in the office 
of the State Treasur-er millions in interest on public funds 
have been received for the benefit of the taxpayers of 
Ohio, and every dollar handled has been honestly accounted 
for. 

Mr. Brennan helped to plan and to install the present 
efficient system of book-keeping, which was devised to 
properly record the numerous entries required by the 
competitive bidding plan for awards of public money, and 
to keep in permanent form, figures, showing the vast 
collection of corporation taxes. He has not only kept 
up the reforms placed in force under the administration of 
Governor Harmon, but by educational methods has in¬ 
fluenced the greater earning and saving in sub-divisions 
of the state. 

Since Mr. Brennan became of age he has always taken 
an active part in municipal, county and state affairs, serv¬ 
ing as a member of council in Urbana; as a member of 
the board of equalization; as deputy fire marshal; as 
cashier in the treasurer’s office of the state; and as State 
Treasurer. 

Mr. Brennan was born at Urbana,, October 20, 1864, 
son of Michael Brennan, a native of Ireland. He was 
educated in the public and parochial schools. He is 
married and is the father of three children. 






7 


Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 
FOR ATTORNEY GENERAL 



JOSEPH McGHEE, 
Jackson. 


No lawyer in Ohio is better equipped, either by 
training, natural ability or experience, than is Joseph Mc¬ 
Ghee. During the incumbency of Attorney General Hogan, 
Mr. McGhee has served as first assistant to the Attorney 
General, and as Advisory Counsel to the State Utilities 
Commission. He has been in close touch with all of the 
many acts of the Attorney General’s office, and is ready to 
continue the excellent record made by his chief. 

There have never been more activities or responsibil¬ 
ities attached to the office of Attorney General than in 
the past four years, and the first assistant has borne his 
share of the burden with success. In his.work he has 
been assigned for Counsel to the State Mine Inspector, 
approval of bonds and contracts, grand jury work. Counsel 
for the Auditor of State; general supervision of all de¬ 
partments, state institutions, and cases assigned. This 
has been a formidable program, involving hard work, but 
Mr. McGhee successfully met the responsibility, and in 
October, 1913, was promoted to the position of Advisory 
Counsel to the State Utilities Commission. 

Joseph McGhee was born at Coalton, Jackson County, 
Ohio, October 6, 1872, son of Allen McGhee, native of 
Jackson County. He was educated in the public schools, 
and at National Normal University, Lebanon, Ohio, where 
he graduated in 1895. He taught school then studied law, 
and was admitted to practice in Ohio in 1898. He followed 
his profession successfully at Jackson, Ohio, until appointed 
as First Assistant Attorney General. 

In 1902 Mr. McGhee was united in marriage with 
Miss Margaret Blacker, of Logan, Ohio. 









8 Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1944. 


FOR CLERK OF THE SUPREME COURT 



FRANK E. McKEAN, 

Cleveland. 

Born September 3, 1806, at Gabon, Crawford County, 
Ohio, of Scotch-Irish parentage on father’s side and 
German on mother’s side. Father is William A McKean 
and mother Nancy McKean (nee Matthias). 

As Clerk of the Supreme Court, which office he now 
holds, he has been faithful in the performance of his 
duties, and has brought the office into prominence by 
introducing new methods and policies and creating a high 
standard of efficiency. 

He has refused to follow the practice of his predeces¬ 
sors (including Mr. Joseph G. Obermeyer, Republican 
nominee for the office) who had a working arrangement 
whereby they would turn over the printing of Records and 
Briefs to a favorite printer at a cost to the litigant of 55c 
per page, of which 10% or 5^%c per page was paid by the 
printer to the Clerk. 

Since first assuming office, Mr. McKean has turned 
into the State Treasury fees, the nature of which he claims 
should have been turned in by his predecessors but which 
were retained by them as their own. 

He resides at 29 Latta Avenue, Columbus, with his 
wife (nee Dora Risen, of Dayton, Ohio), and daughter 
Hazel (a senior in Ohio State University), and Ethel (a 
senior in East High School. 

Before coming to Columbus he was Examiner of 
Departments of the City of Cleveland in which city he 
resided for 15 years and where he still votes. 

In his early life he learned the printing trade at 
Gabon, but later gave his services to the Erie Railroad, 
L. & N., and C., A & C., Railway Company, resigning 
each position to accept one more lucrative. 






9 


Ohio Democr.-mic Campaign Text-Book, 19U. 
. . . FOR UNITED STATES SENATOR 



TIMOTHY S. HOGAN, 

Columbus, 

The promise of Timothy S. Hogan to support the 
policies of President Woodrow Wilson, if elected United 
States Senator from Ohio, rings true. In all Ohio during 
the past the national administration has had no more 
loyal supporter or admirer than this strenuous and active 
Attorney General of Ohio. No one has delivered stronger 
speeches from the platform and none have been more 
enthusiastic in praise of every act of progressive state and 
national Democratic administrations. 

Timothy S. Hogan was born fifty years ago, near 
Wellston, of Irish parentage. He was educated in the 
common schools of Jackson County, later receiving degree 
of Master of Arts from Ohio University. At an early age 
received recognition for his ability in appointment as 
Superintendent of the public schools of Wellston. Be¬ 
lieving the law needed his efforts he left the field of teach¬ 
ing, studied law, was admitted to the bar, and since 1894 
has won high distinction in his chosen field. He has had 
a large practice in both state and federal courts. 

If Mr. Hogan is selected as the companion of Hon 
Atlee Pomerene in the United States Senate, as he should 
be, he will carry with him not only the unblemished record 
of a good citizen, but the official record of the best two 
terms in the office of Attorney General, Ohio has ever 
known. He has handled more business, prosecuted more 
cases, and given more advice than any predecessor and in 
collections of amounts due the state has made his office 
a revenue producer. Attorney General Hogan has hen- 
dered signal assistance to the state administration in every 
department. 






10 Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 

FOR CHIEF JUSTICE OF SUPREME COURT 



CHIEF JUSTICE HUGH L. NICHOLS, 
Batavia. 


It was recognition of the worth as a man and his 
ability as a lawyer that led Governor James M. Cox to 
appoint Hugh L. Nichols as Chief Justice of the Supreme 
Court of Ohio. True to his record Chief Justice Nichols 
has served efficiently and has served well. Under his 
direction the Supreme Court has reformed judicial pro¬ 
cedure so that the ordinary delay of the law is no more, 
litigants secure prompt attention with the entire court 
sitting as one body, and ideal justice is assured to all. 

Hugh L. Nichols was born of Scotch-Irish ancestry, 
at New Richmond, Clermont County, March 25, I860. 

Chief Justice Nichols was educated in the public 
schools at Batavia, Ohio, attended the Ohio Weslayan 
University, at Delaware, and the Cincinnati Law School. 
He was admitted to practice in Ohio in 1886, and has 
followed his profession ever since that time. 

In the year 1887, Mr. Nichols was united in marriage 
with Miss Dean Sterling, of Batavia. 

In 1897-1898 he represented the Second-Fourth district 
as State Senator. In 1908 he was nominated for Judge of 
Supreme Court as a Democrat but failed of election in the 
then strong Republican State. In 1900 he was delegate to 
the Democratic National Convention, and in 1910 chairman 
of the Democratic State Executive Cbmmittee, electing 
Governor Harmon. In 1911, Hon. Atlee Pomerene being 
elected United States Senator. Hugh Nichols was appointed 
Lieutenant Governor. Renominated, he was elected in 
1912, and a few months later, in recognition of his merit, 
was appointed to the honored position he now holds. He 
is endorsed for election to succeed himself. * 



Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 11 

FOR JUDGE OF THE SUPREME COURT 



JUDGE J. FOSTER WILKIN, 

New Philadelphia. 

The people of Ohio need not to be told who J. Foster 
Wilkin is and what he stands for. He has been on the 
Supreme Bench less than two years, and he has established 
a reputation for that rare quality called judicial tempera¬ 
ment and for legal ability of a high order. 

He belongs to no factiorr or group or interest. He has 
been a faithful and active churchman. He is by heredity 
and early training a Democrat. 

A Republican paper published at his boyhood home 
town, says: 

“There is a close parallel between th e early training of 
President Wilson and Judge Wilkin. They were born in the same 
state, brought up in the same church, prepared for college the 
old way by their pastors and attended the same law school. They 
were taught that government is the affair of all the people, not of 
any class or body of men * * * To stand four-square to all the 
world, to have an open mind and a good heart, to be fair to all 
men and just to the toilers who produce the wealth of the nation, 
to be free from the prejudice of race, religion, party or interest, 
and to preserve the even balance of justice between all interests 
for which groups of men contend—in a word, to serve with a clear 
conscience that ideal composite being called the state, to which all 
other bodies or leagues of men are subordinate—this is the aim of 
Foster Wilkin.” 

He is sixty years old. He has six sons, all Democrats 
as liberal and fair minded as himself, and every one the 
head of a growing family. And every one has helped to 
pay for his own education by common labor in the shop, 
in the fields, or in the mines. 

The American rule is to re-elect the public officer who 
has served faithfully and well for a short term, because 
such a man has earned the approval of the people. 









'12 ®Hio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1.914. 


•FOR JUDGE OF THE SUPREME COURT 



JUDGE PHIL M. CROW, 

Kenton. 

Judge Phil M. Crow, one of the Democratic nominees 
for Judge of the Supreme Court, was born in Ridgeway, 
Ohio, and is 48 years old. He passed through the public 
schools of that village; began the study of law while a 
mere boy; taught school a number of years; graduated in 
1889 from Georgetown (D. C.) University School of Law. 
receiving the degree of Master of Laws; and immediately 
thereafter commenced the practice of law in Kenton where 
he has ever since resided. By close application and honor¬ 
able conduct he soon became one of the leading lawyers 
of North-Western Ohio. 

In 1910 he was elected Judge of the "Circuit Court of 
the Third Circuit, by 14,415 majority, and is now one of 
the Judges of the Court of Appeals of the Third Appellate 
District. 

He served with distinction as Chairman of the Coal 
Mining Commission appointed by Governor Cox in 1913, 
and is the author of the Anti-Screen Law passed by the 
Ohio Legislature in 1914, the constitutionality of which 
was recently upheld by the Supreme Court of the United 
States. 

Judge Crow is prominent and active in fraternal circles 
and is a thorough student of government and public affairs. 

As a lawyer he was courteous, broad-minded, loyal 
and kind, always striving to maintain the loftiest ideals 
of the profession. As a citizen he is universally respected. 

As a Judge he has been justly considerate of the 
rights of all, and has attracted wide attention by his signal 
ability, industry, fairness, courage, impartiality, and sound, 
discriminating judgment. 







■Ohio Democratic Campaign. Text-Book, 1914. -13 


EVERY PROMISE HAS BEEN KEPT. 

' : . 4 , 


? ADMINISTRATION OF GOVERNOR COX . HAS 
. CARRIED OUT TO THE LETTER EVERY . , 

PLEDGE MADE THE PEOPLE IN THE 
PLATFORM ON WHICH HE WAS 
ELECTED. 


Ohio Democratic Platform of 1912 in Acceptance of 
Which James M. Cox Gave His Solemn Promifee 
of Fulfillment—He Has Kfept the Faith. 


When James M, Cox accepted the nomination as the 
Democratic candidate for Governor of Ohio, in 1912, he 
gave his solemn pledge to his constituents and to the 
, people, that every promise made in the Democratic plat¬ 
form would be redeemed. His pledge has been kept to 
the letter. Governor Cox now comes before the people 
for endorsement on his program of progress in which he 
has kept the faith, giving to the state for the first time 
. in its history a record of every platform promise fulfilled. 

OHIO DEMOCRATIC PLATFORM 1912. 

Here is the full text of the Democratic platform of 
1912: 

Be it resolved by the Democracy in the state of Ohio, 
in convention assembled, that, 

“The splendid record of constructive statesmanship 
, made by the present Democratic National House of Repre- 
j sentatives has won the admiration of the nation and given 
proof that the party is in readiness for the larger power 
, and responsibilities about to be conferred on it. 

FAVOR POSTAL EXPRESS. 

“We favor the extension of the postal service by the 
federal government and indorse in substance the bill 
providing for a postal express now pending in Congress, 
heretofore favorably reported by the interstate and foreign 
commerce committee of the house. 

“In complete control of the legislative and executive 
power for the first time in twenty years, the Democratic 
paHy in Ohio in two years has a record of progressive 
and constructive achievement almost unparalleled in the 
history of American commonwealths; a record in signal 
contrast with that of the Republican oligarchy so long in 
control, which, in its alliance with 'privilege, has used the 
public treasury for the enrichment of its petty bosses and 
its captains of industry. Such a record entitles the Democ¬ 
racy to a continuation in power at the hands of the people 
of Ohio. . ■ 









14 Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 


ACCOMPLISHMENT REVIEWED. 

“The Democratic party in practical reaffirmation of its 
allegience to the doctrine that all political power is inherent 
in the people, has restored to them their weapons of self- 
defense through the initiative and referendum for cities, 
and by giving them the direct nomination and election of 
United States senators; it has made possible the rehabili¬ 
tation of the judiciary by the creation of a non-partisan 
ballot for the election of judges. For the first time in the 
history of Ohio, railroads and other public service corpora¬ 
tions are paying taxes upon the same basis as the farm 
and home. By the enactment of a public utilities law, the 
rates, services and capitalization of these giant corpora¬ 
tions, so long free from public control, are being regulated. 

“The limitations of the hours of labor for women 
an^l the establishment of a workmen’s compensation com¬ 
mission are an earnest of the desire of the Democracy to 
rescue those workers made helpless by industrial conditions 
and combinations. The control of the institutions of the 
state, long a source of public scandal, inefficiency and 
divided responsibility, has been committed to a central 
board of administration in accordance with -the modern 
principles of economics and efficient business management. 

GRAFT PROSECUTION CITED. 

“The non-partisan prosecution of bi-partisan graiters; 
the inauguration of a system of competitive bidding for 
the use of the state funds, instead of placing these funds, 
as heretofore, in the banks of favorite political friends; 
the enactment of a law to prevent corrupt practices at 
elections; the establishment of a reformatory for women, 
and the introduction of agricultural instruction in the 
schools, are evidences not only of the desire of the Democ¬ 
racy to serve, but also of its ability and competency to 
administer the state government in the interest of the 
people. 

“The record of the past is the promise of the future. 

“The Democratic party stands, first for the restoration 
of the government to the people through direct legislation 
and through the simplification of the machinery of govern¬ 
ment so that the people may adequately express themselves; 
and, second, for legislation looking to the abolition of 
privilege and to the restoration of equal opportunity to 
all. 

SHORT BALLOT ADVOCATED. 

“To this end, we favor; 

“First, a short ballot in the selection of administrative 
officers, as a means for insuring greater scrutiny in the 
selection of public officials, and for fixing and centralizing 
responsibility. 

“Second, separate ballots for state and national officers 


Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 15 


“Third, home rule for cities and villages, including 
the question of public or private ownership and operation 
of all public utilities. 

“Fourth, the immediate valuation of the property, 
tangible and intangible, of all public utilities of this state 
to the end that rates for service to the public shall be 
based on actual values and not upon capitalization, 

“Fifth, home rule in taxation. 

“Sixth, the adoption of the proposed amendment to the 
Constitution providing for the initiative and referendum 
in state matters. . 

“Seventh, a further reduction in the hours of labor 
for women and further restriction on the right of employ¬ 
ment of children in workshops and factories. 

GOOD ROADS ARE URGED. 

“Eighth, the ratification of the proposed amendment to 
the Federal Constitution providing for the direct election 
of United State senators, 

“Ninth, legislation looking to the improvement of 
the roads and highways of the state. 

“Tenth, continuation of the reform in the conduct of 
the state’s penal institutions, which has been inaugurated. 
Abandonment of the present prison system, A new 
penitentiary should be built and conducted upon plans 
drawn in accordance with the modern thought on this 
subject; making the regeneration of prisoners the aim of 
the state.. '![ 

“We indorse and approve the administration of Gov¬ 
ernor Judson Harmon and the Democratic state officials 
as the best the state of Ohio has ever had and we invite the 
attention of the electorate to their achievements as a 
guarantee of the continuation of such faithful servants. 

“We favor the regulation of the liquor traffic by 
license and strict control, when and where the people decide 
the traffic shall be lawful and therefore urge the adoption 
of the license proposal as submitted by the constitutional 
convention.” 


SHOW THIS TO EVERY VOTER. 


For Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, 

HUGH L. NICHOLS. 

' For Judge of the Supreme Court, 

J. FOSTER WILKIN. 

For Judge of the Supreme Court, 

PHIL M. CROW. 

Get these names in your mind and place an X mark 
before each one on the non-partisan judicial ballot. 

Remember that the names do not appear in regular 
order but will alternate with other candidates, and order 
of rotation will change on every other ballot. 

Keep the names in mind. 






M Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 19H. 


INAUGURAL ADDRESS OF JAMES M. 
COX, GOVERNOR. 


To the People of Ohio, Monday, January 13, 1913. 


To the People of Ohio: 

1 indulge the hope that endorsement will be given to a 
change in custom, made this day, in taking from the 
inaugural address that part which deals entirely with recom¬ 
mendations to the General Assembly, and submitting my 
views to that body in writing. The growth in the activities 
and scope of our government entails a legislative message 
of such length as to encroach on the proprieties of this 
solemn occasion, and work a distinct inconvenience and 
discomfort to the organizations and individuals, who in 
patriotic fervor, desire to participate in the arrangements 
that are to follow. 

Every impulse of my nature responds to the highest 
sense of obligation for the honor now conferred, in com¬ 
pliance with the suffrage expression of the electors, and 
yet, ; ah appreciation of the responsibilities which go with 
it, reminds us of human limitations, and inspires the hope 
that our endeavors along the lines of justice and honesty, 
in the vision of the Ruler of all governments, will gain 
the benediction of His favor and assistance. 

While the executive station is one of generally accepted 
distinction, to me it does not bespeak elevation above my 
fellows- The relation of private citizenship establishes an 
equal base, but when one assumes the duties incumbent 
upon this office, a proper conception of the situation makes 
him the servant of the people, and unless he responds to 
full appreciation of the superior rights and powers of 
those he agrees to serve, he begins either with false vision, 
or with a species of treason in his heart. 

There is much in the theory of the ancients that 
nothing makes stronger appeal to the Almighty than the 
congregation of people under peaceful auspices for the 
purpose of refining government 'to the needs and advance¬ 
ment of the race. If that were a spectacle of such omen 
in olden days then this day holds every portent for good, 
because every community is represented in the festivities 
of the occasion and without regard to class or creed, they 
exhibit their attachment to our institutions of government. 

Ohio is a wonderful state and rich in the traditions 
that inspire a proud citizenship. Her fertile soil, pict¬ 
uresque beauties and delightful climate, attracted to her 
borders a sturdy race of people, and they have here builded 
an empire in extent and treasure. Its continued growth is 
dependent, in many ways, upon government, and every 
ehange made, bears direct influence upon our social and 




Ohio Democratic Campaign Text- Book, 1914. 17 


'economic life. We are entering upon a new day. The 
■evolutions and processes of time are working great 
advances in every activity of man. The forces of human 
intelligence have carried us to a point of higher moral 
vision, and it would have been a distinct anomaly of history 
if government had not been carried on it the progress of 
the time. It requires considerable faith in the righteousness 
of a cause to turn face from the old order of things, 
mindful that in the plans and policies of government 
about to be adopted, are involved the hopes and aspirations, 
the happiness and general welfare of five million human 
souls. 

I sense therefore the sublime responsibility of this 
hour! ^ 

But history tell.s us that while we can profit im¬ 
measurably by the experience of the past, every govern¬ 
ment'that has endured, kept its face toward the sunrise 
and not the sunset of civilization. We must feed on the 
vitality of 'growth; not on the decay of decline. We 
reverence the works of our fathers, and seek to prove 
ourselves the worthy sons of worthy sires, by making as 
great development in our time as they made in theirs. 
Ours is not the creed of the cynic, looking with scorn 
upon the institutions of yesterday. Civilization is simply 
a relay race, and unless we take it up with the freshness 
of spirit with which our fathers began it, the generation 
is in a condition of certain decay. Mistakes will be made, 
because government is the creature of man. But if civiliza¬ 
tion from its beginning had followed the course of least 
resistance and not approached uncertainty with experi¬ 
mentation, this old world of ours would present a far 
different aspect. 

An advanced civilization does not refine government 
from* caprice, but from necessity. The savage needs no 
government because the interdependence of human units 
is not a characteristic.of his existence. As a race pro¬ 
gresses dependence on each other increases, and the mean¬ 
ing of exact justice to all is understood and the enforce¬ 
ment of that principle in government is demanded. 

The genius of man has invented no system better 
fitted to work a greater national destiny than the even 
Manced relation of our federal and state governments 
In our commonwealth there is now a marked tendency 
toward a larger measure of home rule for municipalities, 
and an increased opportunity in their community affairs. 
At the same time there is exacted an increased police power 
from the state in the projects of general human welfare 
that can only be kept uniform in their beneficence by opera¬ 
tion of the state unit. Experience has demonstrated the 
soundness of the theory. In practice it brings added re¬ 
sponsibility with reference to matters of closer contact, 
and as we stimulate interest in the plain duty of citizen¬ 
ship, we are, by improved community life, building a state 
structure of greater strength and usefulness. Ttie gov- 





18 Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 

ernment belongs to the people and their co-operation is 
needed at this hour in upholding the arm of the executive, 
so long as his stewardship is faithful. I now dedicate my 
services to the cause of the state, and duty will be met 
as the Almighty has given me the lights bf conscience to 
follow. 


FIRST MESSAGE OF GOVERNOR COX TO THE 
GENERAL ASSEMBLY. 


To the Members of the Senate and House 
of Representatives : 

I congratulate you upon your membership in the 
General Assembly at one of the most auspicious moments 
in the history of our state; at a time when public intel¬ 
ligence is awakened as never before to the real importance 
of the relation of government to our social and economic 
life, and when it is responsive to the organic changes which 
our developing citizens clearly suggests. 

The new order of things puts to the severest test the 
theory of government control over the diversified affairs 
of the race, but we are strengthened in the face of uncom¬ 
mon responsibilities by the reflection that every crisis has 
been met with successful achievement, so long as the 
principle of exact justice to all remained the controlling 
consideration. 

Within the last year the constitution of the state has 
been changed in many important particulars. A convention 
whose delegates.were elected by the people, without regard 
to partisanship, framed forty-two amendments. Of these 
thirty-four were adopted at the special election held*Sep¬ 
tember 3, 1912. A part of them go automatically into 
effect. Others grant the legislature.discretionary authority, 
while a third class are mandatory in nature and are by 
common acceptance regarded as a command from the 
people. There can be no justification for any departure 
from the intent of these amendments in the detail of 
legislative compliance. Much has been said for and against 
the constitutional changes, but no unprejudiced person 
fails to recognize that their adoption is a distinct symptom 
of social and economic conditions. If the active forces 
which opposed several of the so-called major amendments 
had directed like energy in co-operation with the consti¬ 
tutional convention the situation would have been im¬ 
proved, at least with respect to a fuller measure of con¬ 
fidence in the conditions to be developed by the departures 
we are taking from the beaten paths. This observation 
prompts the further thought that if every interest exhibits 
a patriotic co-operation -in the legislative task ahead of 
you, compliance with changed conditions and public senti¬ 
ment will be greatly facilitated and the state will enjoy an 





Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 19 


«ra of social and industrial peace, unknown in the last two 
decades at least. 

Progressive government, so called, which means in 
its correct understanding, constructive work, along the 
lines pointed out by the lamps of experience and the higher 
moral vision of advanced civilization, is now on trial in 
our state. Every constitutional facility has been provided 
for an upward step and Ohio, because of the useful part 
it has played in the affairs of the country, is at this hour 
in the eye of the nation. The state has the resources, 
human and material, to make a thorough test of the prin¬ 
ciple of an enlarged social justice, through government, 
and the results of our labors will extend beyond state 
borders. A thorough appreciation therefore of the stupen¬ 
dous responsibility before you, and full recognition of the 
probable insidious resistance to be encountered, will add 
immeasurably to your equipment to meet the emergency. 
If 1 sense with any degree of accuracy the state of public 
mind, I am correct in the belief that a vast preponder¬ 
ance of the people of all classes have faith both in the 
wisdom and the certain results of a constructive progress- 
sive program of government. Let us in full understand¬ 
ing of the consequences of our acts maintain this measure 
of public confidence and encourage the faith of those who 
are honestly skeptical because of the apprehension generated 
in their minds by a third class, which may be unconsciously 
prompted by sordid impulses developed by unbroken pre¬ 
ferences of government. No fair-minded person will 
dispute the logic nor question the equity of any plan which 
contemplates legislative action entirely within the limita¬ 
tions of suffrage endorsement. If the legislature, in the 
passage of a single law, runs counter to public desire or 
interest, the people through the referendum have the 
means to undo it. No greater safeguard can be devised 
by the genius of man, and to question either the moral or 
practical phase of this arrangement, is to admit unsound¬ 
ness in the theory of a republic. In other days changes in 
government such as are made necessary everywhere by 
our industrial and social conditions, would have been 
wrought by riot and revolution. Now they are ac¬ 
complished through peaceful evolution. He must be indeed, 
a man of unfortunate temperamental qualities who does 
not find in this a circumstance that thrills every patriotic 
fibre of his being. 

Even the students of government in their research, 
find surprising historic analogies to the conditions through 
which we are passing, the only difference being the scene 
and the displacement of violence by' the arbitrament of 
reason. Civilization d’evelops along the same lines, sub¬ 
stantially. The first task is the necessity of food and 
raiment compelled by nature, and then common interest 
through society creates government. With this develop¬ 
ment comes also the economic organization growing out 
of social interdependence. If a man as a social unit sub- 






20 Ohio Democeatic Campaign Text-Book, 1914 

niits himself to regulation by government then property 
cannot be above the same restrictions. This is so fun¬ 
damental in justice that its acceptance as a sound prin¬ 
ciple is a compliment to the ruling thought of the day, 
rather than an indication that we are taking a dangerous 
step. This enforces, however, the problem of ascertaining 
just how far governmental regulation of business should 
go, and not trespass upon the rights of the individual. 
My observation leads me to the firm conviction that this 
is in considerable degree a personal equation, in adminis¬ 
tration at least. It matters not how sound a law is in 
theory, if in practice its enforcement is delegated to in¬ 
competent hands, then government becomes a travesty and 
the cause of progress is injured. Business in Wisconsin 
after several years resistance of regulation, now accepts- 
it in good grace, and frankly admits the widespread ben¬ 
efits that have accrued. But this result has been achieved 
only by the highest standard of personnel on the admin¬ 
istrative boards. This must be an important consider¬ 
ation in our state. A policy of appointments induced 
largely by spoils or friendship, will prevent the accom¬ 
plishment of what our people now demand. At the same 
time prudence suggests that the controlling policy of these 
administrative organizations is safest in the hands of 
those who recognize and respect the responsibility placed 
upon the party in power. The success of administering 
government under our board or commission plan, rests 
in large measure upon the heads selected by the executive. 
Each board has its peculiar requirements. Experience in 
fact teaches that the exactions of the personnel are as 
rigid as in the professions, and appointments should be 
made with this understanding. Every employe of the 
state should feel that regardless of what circumstances 
bring his appointment about, he must meet the highest 
requirements in integrity and capacity. Our state govern- 
rnent in an administrative sense, to be successful as a state 
unit, and through the vigilant eye of its police power 
assist the communities, must be maintained on a hase 
having in view these considerations, namely: 

First —The placing of experts in theory and practice 
o* the state boards of administration and regulation. 

Second —The orderly and systematic combination of 
departments which deal with the same subjects and 
problems and which are duplicating and in some instances 
triplicating both labor and expense. 

Third —The fullest legitimate and wholesome exer¬ 
cise of the police power of the state in matters of human 
welfare, health conservation and food regulation, where 
\he local authority is remiss. 

Fourth —The enforcement of the same requirements 
as to economy, system and efficiency that join to private 
.eiflterprises. 


■ Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 21 


With these observations the executive department 
would in the exercise of its constitutional prerogative 
submit sundry recommendations : . • * 

Conditions not only justify but demand a drastic anti¬ 
lobby law. Any person interesting himself in legislation 
will not, if his motive and cause be just; object to register¬ 
ing his name, residence and the matters he is espousing, 
with the secretary of state or some other authority desig¬ 
nated by your body. If his activities be of such nature 
that he does not care to reveal them in the manner in¬ 
dicated, then the public interest is obviously endangered. 
It is no more than a prudent safeguard to have it known 
what influences are at work with respect to legislation. 
There ought to be no temporizing with this situation. 
Lobbying without registration should be an offense punish¬ 
able by imprisonment. 

The platform adopted by the Democratic party in 
convention at Toledo, June 4-5, 1912, Is the contract 
made between the people on the one hand and the state 
officers and majority members of the legislature on the 
other. Every instinct of common honesty demands that 
it be carried out In good faith without interference from 
other legislation. The specifications in this convenant 
are: 

First —“A short ballot in the selection of administra¬ 
tive officers as a means for insuring greater scrutiny in 
the selection of public officials and for fixing and cen¬ 
tralizing responsibility.” 

The purpose of this is to simplify voting. The suf¬ 
frage responsibility is so vital that confusion at the polls 
should be reduced to the nearest possible minimum. The 
ballot should be shortened by abolishing as elective the 
less important offices. The amendments to the constitu¬ 
tion which abolish the positions of commissioner of com¬ 
mon schools and the board of public works and place 
these departments under the control of the governor 
through appointment by him of the administrative heads, 
indicate the trend of thought on this subject. In keep¬ 
ing with the intent of the short ballot provision, the legis¬ 
lature should abolish as elective the offices of dairy and 
food commissioner and clerk of the supreme court, both 
of which are of legislative origin, making the former 
position appointive by the governor and the latter by the 
members of the supreme court. An amendment to the 
constitution should be initiated making the positions of 
secretary of state, attorney general, treasurer and auditor, 
executive departments to be filled through appointment 
by the governor. This would leave only the governor, 
lieutenant governor and judges of the supreme court tr> 
be elected. The result would insure harmony of action 
in the state departments and center responsibility in the 
executive. The several executive department heads could 






22 Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 


then act in an advisory capacity with the governor, as 
his cabinet. This is identical with the federal plan, which 
is conceded to be efficient. 

Second —“Separate ballots for state and national of¬ 
ficers.” ; 

This is induced by the desire to separate two distinct 
issues at the election booth, and the wisdom of the sug-M 
gestion is obvious, |l 

Third —“Home rule for cities.” _ 

This principle is now a part of our constitution, Thej 
home rule amendment, in addition to authorizing cities! 
to form their own charters, grants the General AssemblyJ 
the right to pass alternative or optional laws which citiesj 
may adopt without going through the expense and burden 
of calling charter conventions and enacting charters for == 
themselves. The whole question of municipal organiza- | 
tion is now in a ferment throughout the country, several-' 
plans being tried out. Up to this time there is nothing .1 
approaching a universality of opinion with respect tO|j 
the most efficient scheme. I would therefore recommendf* 
to the legislature the adoption of such laws as will enable- 
cities with the minimum of expense and trouble to make!" 
such selection as their respective needs might suggest, 
either the so-called Business Manager plan, the Com¬ 
mission plan, or the Short Ballot Federal plan. The last 
named is obtained by a simple revision of the existing 
municipal code. It is proper in this connection to call =; 
your attention to the fact that the Ohio League of Munici¬ 
palities, which drafted the home rule amendment to the 
constitution, represents so rnuch of the best informed ^ 
opinion of the cities of the state that its recommenda¬ 
tions, to be made to you, might profitably be seriously 
considered in your deliberations on this subject. 

Fourth —“The immediate valuation of property, tan¬ 
gible and intangible, of all public utilities.” 

The state regulation of public utilities has been of 
such benefit to every interest concerned that every possible 
legislative facility should be extended to this administra¬ 
tive branch of the government. Regulation is beginning ! 
to shed its real meaning in this state as elsewhere. While 
business interests at first regarded the operation as an 
unwarranted trespass upon property rights they have, by 
experience, found in the state a co-operative aid just so 
soon as the main objective of satisfactory service and 
reasonable rates was attained. It is also regarded as more 
than a coincidence that wherever supervision is had over 
the issuance of securities the market yields better prices 
and readier demand. Public confidence is naturally stimu¬ 
lated in our state utilities by official certification to the 
legitimacy of the project. There is no department of our 
service, however, where public station calls for a higher 
order of efficiency than this. Constructive progress in 
government consists in large degree in determining the 
limitation of control over the great industrialism of the 




Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914 , 23 


day, and this must be approached in fairness and intel¬ 
ligence. Whenever regulation is not the highest expres¬ 
sion of human intelligence then government becomes a 
travesty and public opinion is very apt to swing back in 
I favor of the old order. If, however, a regulatory com- 
I mission balances evenly the elements of successful prac¬ 
tical experience, profound and correct theory, and a 
courageous adherence to fairness both to the state and 
to business, the result is so self-evidently just that public 
* confidence is enduring and the plea for the old days of 

inequitable preference by government is useless. The 

I existing law gives to the commission the right to make 
a physical valuation. This should be made mandatory. 
The utility and tax commissions have made considerable 
. headway in working out the detail of valuation. But 

r their labors in this particular have been confined almost, 

' if not entirely, to cases which came to their notice by 
requests for increased capitalization or complaints with 
respect To taxation values. There can be no permanent 
nor logical base for the successful operation of these 

departments without a physical valuation of utilities. 
After considerable investigation, which has taken in the 
experience of other states, I am convinced that a state 
engineer of utilities should be employed under the direc¬ 
tion of the utilities commission. His operations would 
prevent much duplication in work, because his findings 
would be available to the tax commission also. For taxa¬ 
tion purposes the inquiry often of necessity proceeds 
along different lines, but every valuation made by the 
state engineer would serve as a base for both commis¬ 
sions. The state is educating at public expense several 
hundred engineers in the university. These students need 
practical work in connection with their class room studies. 
The state can use their services, so that the reciprocal 
situation suggested is so logical that one need not wonder 
at the splendid results achieved in Wisconsin by co- 
I ordinating the government and the university. Under 
supervisory aid from the engineer’s office these students 
would render tremendous service to the state and at a 
minimum of cost. Sufficient provision is made for the 
‘ utilities commission, through fees and appropriations, to 
set this work in motion, and the legislature should render 
the earliest possible co-operation. The utilities commis¬ 
sion so called, was created as a railroad commission and 
many laws relating to it were made with special regard 
to the specific subject of railroad supervision. Since then 
a general utilities law has been passed and the adminis¬ 
trative work, tremendous in volume and detail, has been 
consigned to the original commission. I would strongly 
^ recommend such changes in the laws as the experience 
of the commission clearly suggests. The home rule 
j amendment gives the municipality the right to own and 

' ooerate utilities. Because of this the utilities commis¬ 

sion should have the right to enforce the same system 




24 Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 


of Hiiiform accounting on municipalities operating utilities y 
as are now imposed upon private,- enterprises, otherwise 
the public would have no means of knowing whether 
the municipal plants were conducted along the lines of 
efficiency and economy. It would be a simple matter to : 
charge certain operating expenses to betterments and an 
apifarently profitable operation by the municipality might Jl: 
in fact be a losing one. There must be the greatest pos- 
sible safeguard established or there can be accurate test 
of municipal ownership. Besides, plain fairness suggests ' 
that in the operation of utilities both private and public 
ownership must be subject to the same standards of ethics 
and government. 

One development of the railroad and utilities laws j 
which has been very unfair to the state should be cor¬ 
rected, Under present practice the commission establishes j 
or revises a rate. The utilities company if it desires. ' j 

makes objection and is given a hearing, which is ex¬ 
haustive and extensive. The commission then either j 

amends or retains the rate previously fixed, whereupon, 
the corporation, .in many instances, goes into court, asks i 
for and receives an injunction. The delays of the law ' 
are well known and the issue remains unsettled for a year 
or more. The law should be so changed that • the court 
cannot issue an injunction in these rate matters without j 
an investigation. This' is the practice elsewhere and i 

should be adopted in Ohio. 

Fifth —“Home Rule in Taxation.” 

This requires constitutional changes and nothing can 
be done save the adoption of a resolution in behalf of an 
amendment to the state charter. 

Sixth —“The adoption of the Initiative and Refer¬ 
endum amendment.” 

This was merely a recommendatory plank. The I. 
and R., so-called, is now a part of the constitution, but 
some action by your body remains to set it in motion. 

The intent of this amendment is to give to the people 
the right to redress a wrong through the referendum, 
and through the initiative to procure a right that has been 
denied. The legislative action should be in exact har¬ 
mony with the spirit of the provision. Something should 
be done to prevent the professional practice of procuring 
signatures for pay, but at the same time there must be 
the utmost vigilance exercised; otherwise under the guise 
of an attempt to refine the law, it might be made 
unworkable.* 

“Further reduction in the hours of labor 
for women, and further restriction on the right to employ 
children in factories.” 

The inspector of workshops and factories strongly 
urges raising the school grade qualification for children 
lietween the ages of 14 and 16, and joins in the opinion 
shared by industrial commissions in other states, that the 
most wholesome results can be obtained by giving to the 







O&io Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914/ S.> 

department the right to determine the hours of labor for 
women and children where the present nine-hour law 
seems insufficient. This is not only regarded as the easiest 
method of reaching a solution of this question, but it 
would quickly result in the betterment of shop conditionsj. 
improvement in sanitation and surroundings being a 
factor in determining the hours of labor. In this con¬ 
nection it should be stated that the governmental experts 
in Wisconsin regard the success in that state to be due 
in considerable part to the discretionary powers lodged 
with the administration officers. 

Eighth —“The reaffirmation of the proposed amend¬ 
ment to the Federal Constitution providing for the 
popular election of United States senators.” 

This has already been done by the legislature, but a 
legal question has arisen out of the issue created by the 
rendered opinion of the governor of Georgia. It is sug¬ 
gested that your body take such action as the successful 
outcome of the just and popular movement demands. 
No harm can come from the adoption of another joint 
resolution on the subject. 

Ninth —“Legislation looking to the improvement of 
the roads and highways of the state.” 

Some hold to the opinion that the defeat of the good 
roads bond issue amendment to the constitution disposes 
of that question, so far as state activity is concerned. I 
do not subscribe to that view. Observation in all parts of 
the state leads to the belief that the amendment failed 
to receive endorsement for the reason that a majority 
of the counties have good gravel roads, and they objected 
to a state levy until such time as the counties, less ad¬ 
vantageously equipped, both in roads and construction 
material, had made the progress of other counties under 
existing laws. The federal government is working out 
splendid development in the science of construction, 
drainage and maintenance, and it would seem an incon¬ 
gruous circumstance if the state did not exhibit the same . 
degree of interest and convey the benefits which the 
general scheme of government logically extracts from that 
.unit. Nothing makes for civilization more than good 
roads. An emphasized community life, improved facilities 
for school attendance, and better means of traffic in food 
stuffs, are considerations which join to the general wel¬ 
fare of the state. I know of no internal improvement 
which so widely distributes its benefits. It touches vitally 
producers and consumers of the farm and the city as 
well. The road laws of the state are archaic and con¬ 
flicting, and the movement toward better highways is 
seriously hampered in consequence. These laws should 
be recodified. My information is that the preliminary 
labors of this task, not an inconsiderable one by any 
means, have been performed without public cost by the 
good roads organizations. Iowa has profited by the law 
compelling the use of the split log drag, and it is strongly 





26 Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 

recommended to you for adoption. Under existing law, 
we are taxing automobiles by machine unit. As this is 
purely a police regulation, the expense should be imposed 
in a more equitable way. Admittedly the best automo¬ 
bile law is the New York measure. The tax is -levied 
on the unit of horse power. It is not fair to make the 
owner of a machine of small horse power and low speed 
pay to the state for the purpose of maintaining the cost 
of police control, as much as is assessed against the 
proprietor of a big machine of high speed and large 
horse power. The revenues to the state from this source 
are showing heavy increases so that the highway com¬ 
mission, in consequence, may be enabled, without state 
levy, to work out an extensive improvement plan in the 
state. It is highly important that there be given the 
greatest possible co-operation by legislative enactment 
to the improvement associations, so called, that have been 
organized in some of the counties. Portage county, Ohio, 
is probably the most notable instance in this country. 
Nothing in discouragement should be done by the state. 
On the other hand good roads students are agreed in the 
opinion that they are entitled to such co-operation as 
will facilitate this important county function. I un¬ 
hesitatingly subscribe to this view. The old national road, 
running almost midway through the state, east and west, 
should be improved from our eastern border to our 
western line, as the first state-wide highway. But the 
condition precedent should be such co-operation on the 
part o/ the counties through which it passes, as will reflect 
an adequate appreciation of the local benefits to accrue. 

Tenth —‘‘Continuation of the reform in the conduct of 
the state’s penal institutions which has been inaugurated 
and the abandonment of the present prison system,” .etc. 

The commendation of the board of administration 
plan is fully justified by results obtained, but there is much 
yet to be done. In fact, every commission created dur¬ 
ing the last few years finds its function of wider benefit 
to the public interest than the authors of the legislation 
doubtless contemplated, and yet the administrative heads 
find many changes needed in the laws. This is not sur¬ 
prising since our laws can only properly be refined by 
experience. The public must not gain from the recurrent 
difficulties in the state institutions an impression that the 
board of administration plan is wrong in theory. The 
troubles encountered in the institutions of correction are 
more fundamental. The wisest management the mind can 
devise, and the most human policy the heart can inspire 
cannot correct the basic defect of improper commitment. 
Your honorable body will find ‘this a fruitful field of 
inquiry. Local officials in some sections of our state com¬ 
mit persons to the wrong institutions, and no matter how 
obvious the mistake nor how serious its consequences to 
the management, the board of administration has no au¬ 
thority to make the simple transfer that would remove 


Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 27 


! an otherwise insurmountable difficulty. It is unfair to' 
the institution to send to a girls’ home, for instance, 

I I young women of hardened depravity. Their influence 
^ I over others, whose misfortune has been that of environ- 
j I ment and who can under proper conditions be benefited, 

^ \ cannot but be harmful. At Lancaster, where the state 
is supposed to render service in improvement of morals, 

‘ boys are committed who are feeble-minded. A few such 
charges can upset plans and policies of management that 
otherwise would work out along orderly and beneficial 
} lines. The board of administration should be clothed 
j with the power to review all commitments, and thus estab- 
j lish a base of homogeneity at least. A few counties by 
I careless assignments from the courts can disorganize the 
whole machinery of the institutions and produce a seem- 
I ingly impossible problem for the whole state. The board 
should also have the right to sit as a lunacy body over 
: state charges and make transfers from one institution 
i to another. Other states have found this a logical and 
; practical arrangement. It will simplify administration and 
j also work as an implied qualification for the members, 

I because there should be on this body at all times, at least 
I one officer who knows by professional experience the 
problems of this peculiarly exacting relation. 

I . I direct your especial attention to the declaration in 
behalf of a “new penitentiary built and conducted upon 
plans drawn in accordance with the modern thought on 
this subject.” This project needs no defense because it 
was a part of the contract made with the people, and no 
opposition to it was voiced during the campaign when 
the issue was under discussion. This platform pledge 
was not made without considerable understanding of the 
whole prison situation in Ohio, nor did the people of the 
state give their endorsement without knowing both the 
j purpose and necessity of the change. The facts justify 
the statement that no subject has taken greater hold on 
public interest, in years, than that of prison reform. The 
best thought on the subject is opposed to the Ohio policy 
> and every condition wrought through an appreciation of 
the human welfare phase of the problem, makes our 
prison system stand out as an institution of the past, 
unchanged by either its tragedies or by a civilization that 
has laid hold on every other human agency. 

Our whole system is a plain travesty on human in¬ 
telligence. It is as much of an outrage to sentence an 
habitual criminal to three years in the penitentiary as 
it would be to consign a hopeless lunatic to an asylum 
for three years. It is as much a crime against society 
to release from prison gates a known criminal as it would 
be to turn loose a maniac. At the expiration of a 
prisoner’s term, some constituted authority should pass 
on the propriety and safety of turning him loose. No 
lesson will be more helpful to him than self-restraint, 
and liberty should be given only when it is earned and 






28, Ohio Democratic Campaign TEXTrBooK, 1914. 


deserved. But the hopeless criminal is in the minority ■ 
in our prison. During the year 1911 there were received 
702 prisoners at the Ohio penitentiary. Of this number I 
95, or 13 per cent, had served one or more previous ■ 
terms. Ten had been out of prison only six months, 1 
when they were returned; eleven • of them between six 
months and one year; eleven between one year and ; 
eighteen months and thirteen between eighteen months 
and two years. The remaining 50 were out more than 
two years, but some of them had, while away, served 
in other prisons. Common sense easily differentiates as 
between this class of prisoners and those who can be 
benefited by humane methods. The problem of prison 
reform involves considerations quite apart from erecting 
a building, a railroad switch, new cells, a dining hall,’ a ' 
power plant, a sewage system and higher enclosing wall, 
llie underlying desire is betterment of the race, the reform 
of as many prisoners as possible, aid to their families, 
earned by the men confined, and a contribution to the next 
generation of fewer human shipwrecks. The mention of 
the details of physical equipment is made necessary be- | 
cause objection has within a few days been made to the |} 
legislature against the prison reform plan, one of the 
chief reasons being past expenditure of vast sums of 
money for physical improvements in furtherance of the 
policy of continuing the old methods and the old insti- ji 
tiitions. I regret the necessity of dissenting from the |l 

view of my distinguished and able predecessor, and yet J| 
the question is so vital, that I cannot in conscience with- jt 
hold expression of firm conviction on the subject Over 
six hundred prisoners in the penitentiary are idle. Their 
time is doubtless spent in reflection over their own dis¬ 
grace and the plight of their families back home. The 
present method offers no apparent relief from this un¬ 
speakable condition. If employment can be afforded for 
the physical, mental and moral benefit of these prisoners 
in such manner as will yield reimbusement to the state 
for their keep, and an accruing profit to be sent to fam¬ 
ilies deprived of their support, then this humanitarian 
consideration must outweigh every thought of continuing 
the present abominable system simply because a consid¬ 
erable amount of money has been spent at the old prison. 

I would much prefer the task of defending the new pro¬ 
ject to that of attempting to justify the enormous dis¬ 
bursements of money in maintaining the old one. I cannot 
subscribe to the view expressed that in providing by law 
for imprisonment of offenders “the primary purpose is 
punishment.’* The spirit of the provision seems to sug¬ 
gest that an example be made of the offender by banish¬ 
ment, which in itself is not insevere, and that the agency 
of the state should then be directed to the reformation 
of the prisoner if it develops there is a moral base to 
build on. Otherwise he is an habitual criminal, and his 
liberty is a distinct menace to society. 




Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. . 39 

My recommendation would be that the legislature 
ascertain whether sufficient land is now owned by tJie 
state for the purpose of supplying adequate food products 
for the several institutions. If not, the expense of buy¬ 
ing more land will be abundantly justified by the resulfs. 
More live stock should be kept on these farms, for the 
<louble purpose of adding to the food supply and increas¬ 
ing the fertility of the soil. On the state farm we should 
begin at once the erection of at least one building unit 
for the shelter of prisoners and the building operation 
should continue under such scope as the fiscal condition 
of the state justifies. The extensive operations of the 
state departments of agriculture call for much manual 
labor. The highways can be worked by convicts by a 
simple change in the laws, and legislative revision will 
also make possible the employment of prisoners on state 
buildings. These operations added to the work in the 
stone quarries will doubtless call for enough men to cover 
the honor list because the privilege of working out of 
doors should be earned by good behavior. Those who 
cannot in measurable safety be occupied in the methods 
described must of necessity be confined. They can be 
retained to carry on the manufacturing work in the prison, 
Avhere clothing and other necessities are being made for 
the inmates of the state institutions. Our better instincts 
resist the thought of the state making any money off 
the labor of prisoners. During good behavior they should 
be given credit for a day’s labor in such sum as measures 
their contribution to the state. From this the cost of 
their keep should be taken, and what remains, certainly 
in all fairness and right, belongs to their families. This 
plan will in short time reduce the prisoners who must 
be kept in close confinement, in such numbers that the 
maintenance of the old prison plant, on the ground now. 
possessing great commercial value, will be most imprac¬ 
ticable. The equipment in the old penitentiary, used for 
lighting the state buildings can be set up in any one of 
the other state institutions at the capital, and operated 
there with equal efficiency and economy. I therefore 
strongly recommend such legislative action as will work 
* the changes suggested in the state institutions. 

Eleventh —“The Licensing of the Liquor Traffic.” 

The endorsement of this plan was followed by suf¬ 
frage ratification of the constitutional amendment on the 
subject, by a majority vote sufficiently large to form a 
safe index to the state of public opinion. It therefore 
becomes the duty of the legislature now to carry into 
practical operation the new scheme of regulating the 
liquor traffic. For years this question in Ohio has been 
the football of politics. Not only has the so-called wet 
and dry question been the means of disquieting com¬ 
munity life but it has formed divisions in the legislature 
and occasioned confusion in such measure as to seriously 
interfere with the proper settlement of strictly economic 






30 Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 

questions. The action of the constitutional convention 
was a positive reflection of the public desire to approach 
and dispose of this subject on the base of common sense, 
having high regard for the public welfare. The question 
has been so interwoven with the politics of communities 
that expediency generated for years evasion on the part 
of many public officials The whole thing seemed to Hang 
in the balance and it is my judgment that the constitu¬ 
tional convention acted wisely and well, not only in adopt¬ 
ing a license proposal but in so prescribing the constitu¬ 
tional limitations as to keep within the hands of the people 
the power at all times to deal effectively with this problem. 
The constitutional amendment provides that the liquor 
traffic shall be licensed where the saloon now exists. Con¬ 
ditions are in no wise changed where the people have by 
suffrage expression removed the saloon. No person not 
a citizen of the United States nor of good moral char¬ 
acter can procure a license. The most extensive investi¬ 
gation has been made with respect to the experience of 
Massachusetts, I^ennsylvania, Illinois and Canada, and this 
leads me to recommend the basic feature of the law, 
namely, that a license commission, consisting of not less 
than three persons, shall be appointed by the governor 
and that this body shall-with the consent of the gover¬ 
nor, select the commissions in the so-called wet counties. 
The success of this law and its operation in harmony 
with public desire, depend not only upon the highest pos¬ 
sible personnel in administration but responsibility must 
be so centered that the whole machinery of regulation 
can be kept efficient. The suggestion that the local com¬ 
missions be elected in the counties is to me untninkable. 
Th§ whole underlying purpose of this license arrange¬ 
ment is to lift the liquor question from community politics. 
The state plan in some degree keeps it in politics, but 
on a better base. It can be safely assumed that the people 
of this state will give closer attention to the election of 
a governor than to that of a county license commission. 
There will be no serious suffrage neglect in the election 
of a governor. There might be in the election of a county 
license commission, and this would develop a travesty out 
of a scheme of administrative government, the details of 
which have been worked out up to this time with a most 
painstaking care. If the license plan is correct in theory 
it is entitled to test under the most advantageous auspices. 
It is a matter of such concern to the state that authority 
must not be scattered. The law should assess against 
the traffic the cost of all administration, in addition to 
the present tax. The proposal in expressed terms, says 
that the license and regulation plan in no way, “shall be 
construed as to repeal, modify or suspend any such pro¬ 
hibitory or regulatory laws now in force.” The Toledo 
platform endorsed the license, plank, and this should in 
good faith be the only liquor law passed at this session. 
Otherwise a distinct wet and dry issue will be obtruded 







Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 31 


to interfere with the adoption of an effective license code. 
It may also by divisions created seriously embarrass our 
legislative program on other subjects. Precaution is urged 
against “sleepers” so-called, which might conflict with 
the intent of the amendment very broadly and plainly 
expressed, and thus throw the whole question into the 
courts. The state is entitled to something approaching, 
at least, a final settlement of this matter. 

No one disputes the propriety of the mandatory 
amendments, so-called, being reaognized as a direct com¬ 
mand to the legislature to pass certain laws in relation 
to respective subjects. A number of the amendments are 
self-operative. 

No. 14 provides that “Laws shall be passed providing 
for the prompt removal from office upon complaint and 
hearing, of all officers, judges and members of the general 
assembly, for any misconduct involving moral turpitude 
or for other causes provided by law; and this method 
of removal shall be in addition to impeachment or other 
method of removal authorized by the constitution.” 

There is no one thing that has contributed more to 
social unrest than the abuse of power by public officials. 
The spirit of our institutions certainly contemplates that 
power be given to the people superior to their representa¬ 
tives. Government has been made more representative 
by direct leglislation established by the Initiative and 
Referendum than ever before. If the people have the 
right to set aside a law then certainly some power ex¬ 
ceeding that given by the old constitution should be avail¬ 
able for the purpose of removing any delinquent public 
official. There has been considerable sentiment in behalf 
of a direct recall. Many members of the constituthmal 
con’ ention believed this to be too drastic, so the proposal 
finally adopted is a compromise along what appears to 
be very common-sense lines. Under the new arrange¬ 
ment the legislature is directed to •pass laws remedying 
any situation developed by official remissness. “Prompt 
removal from office, upon complaint and hearing of all 
officers, including state officers, judges and members of 
the general assembly, for any misconduct involving moral 
turpitude or for other cause provided by law” is the con¬ 
stitutional specification with respect to your legislative 
duty. While the legislative provision should be effective 
in correcting an obviously bad condition, is should be 
sheltered with such safeguards as will prevent any pos¬ 
sibility of intrigue against public officials and it should 
not be so shaped as to inspire the caprice of an insincere 
and inconsiderable minority. 

Section 286 of the General Code, makes provision for 
the recovery of misappropriated funds. The reports made 
by the bureau of inspection and supervision of public 
offices, since the creation of the bureau, discloses an un¬ 
healthy condition of affairs in many taxing districts in 
the state. The people’s money has been appropriated by 







Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914 

public officers illegcilly, under the forms of law; the re¬ 
ports disclose that, for the year 1910, findings to the 
amount of $261,446.81 were made against the public of¬ 
ficials in the various taxing districts of the state, on 
account of the drawing of fees not provided for by law 
and the misapplication of funds in various forms; in 1911 
the findings disclose misappropriation of $837,596.33; in 
1912, of $232,285.03. This should not be; our laws should 
be so framed and executed that the misappropriation of 
funds would be reduced to the minimum—in fact, there 
is no excuse for any noticeable amount under this head. 
True, on account of changes in the laws and differences 
in interpretation, there may be small overdrafts, due to 
no wilful action of the official; but, in my jujdgment— 
and such is the information imparted to me from the 
proper official sources—most of the misappropriations are 
inexcifsable, and provision should, at once, be made to 
effectually recover into the treasuries of the various tax- 
districts of the state all funds misappropriated. 

By virtue of Section 286, General Code, it is provided 

that, 

“If the report discloses malfeasance, misfeasance or 
n^lect of duty on the part of an officer or an employe,, 
upon the receipt of such copy of said report it shall be 
the duty of the proper legal officer, and he is hereby 
authorized and required, to institute in the proper court 
within 90 days from the receipt thereof civil actions in 
behalf of the state or the political divisions thereof to 
which the right of action has accrued, and promptly 
prosecute the same to final determination to recover any 
fees or public funds misappropriated or, to otherwise de¬ 
termine the rights of the parties to the premises. * * * 
Upon the refusal or neglect of the proper legal officer 
to take action as herein provided, the auditor of state 
shall direct the attorney general to institute and prosecute 
the action to a final determination of the rights of the 
parties in the premises, and he is hereby authorized and 
required to do the same.” 

To my mind it is not fair to the state that it should 
be put to the expense of doing the work properly belong¬ 
ing to county prosecutors and city soliictors, work for 
which these officials are elected by the people and paid. 
Instead of casting upon the attorney general the duty of 
collecting misapplied funds, upon the mere refusal and 
neglect of the prosecuting attorney, the statute should 
be so amended as to give full power to the attorney 
general to require the prosecuting attorneys and city 
solicitors to proceed to the discharge of their duty, making 
such failure to do so an effective ground for removal 
from office. The detail of this plan, which will involve 
the amendment of Section 286, General Code, should he 
worked out more fully than herein suggested after con- 
'sultation with the auditor of state and the attorney 
g^eral, who are in a position to understand the defi- 








33 


Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 

ciencies of the present plan. If county prosecutors and 
city solicitors are required, under pain of removal from 
office, to enforce recoveries under this section, and can- 
duct criminal prosecutions as well, when the circumstances 
warrant, there is no doubt but that an effective check will 
be put upon the practice of misappropriation of funds. 

Another matter touching the legal department is this: 

A great deal of unnecessary delay and great inconve¬ 
nience has been caused during the past two years on ac¬ 
count of injunctions being issued against state officials 
and departmental boards without notice, and also from 
the fact that neither the attorney general nor the boards 
oi . officers interested have had notice of suits filed in 
which they were vitally interested until the time for 
answer had expired. There is no reason why, in anv 
case, an injuction should be issued without notice against 
state officers or boards in the performance of their duties. 
When an injunction is thus issued it is often a difficult 
or vexatious matter to get the case heard, as the plaintiff, 
so long as the injuction is in force, has all that he desires. 
I therefore recommend that a provision be made similar 
to the one now incorporated in the act relative to the 
tax commission, that no court in this state issue an in¬ 
junction against a state official, department or board with¬ 
out notice to said official, department or board, or to the 
attorney general. I further recommend that a provision 
be incorporated in the code by which it is made manda¬ 
tory upon the clerk of the courts to forward, by special 
delivery letter, a certified copy of eevry pleading filed by 
the adversary party against the state of Ohio or any of 
its officers, boards or departments, and a copy of the 
petition in any case not brought directly against the state 
or any of its officers, boards or departments, but in which 
the interest of the state may be involved, or whenever 
the constitutionality of an act of the Ohio legislature is 
involved; the costs of making, said copies to be taxed as 
part of the costs of the case. 

Proposals Nineteen and Twenty relate to the reform 
of the judiciary. I yield to no man in my appreciation 
of the finer traditions of this great calling, but it is 
generally admitted that judicial procedure needs simpli- 
• fication in this state. The delays of the law made a 
situation which the constitutional convention, primarily 
at least, sought to correct when it adopted these amend¬ 
ments. The State Bar Association has been co-operative, 
so I am advised, in the matter of preparing suggestions 
with respect to the laws necessary to carry out the in¬ 
tent of the amendments. The people of the state are, 

I believe, fortunate in having strong legal talent on both 
the house and senate judiciary committees. The courts 
constitute that part of our government which deals with 
the philosophy of social justice, and the changes made in 
the laws with respect to the courts should claim the 
profoundest consideration of your honorable body. It is 





54 Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 

recognized as a detail of great importance that every 
possible facility be provided to insure some degree of 
uniformity in the action of the courts of appeals because 
these bodies, eight in number, will be the courts of last 
resort in many cases. It seems to me that a modern and 
effective method of reporting decisions will obviate pos¬ 
sible confusion. 

Proposal Number Twenty-six relates to primary elec¬ 
tions, the provision being that all nominations for office 
in the state or any subdivision thereof having a popula¬ 
tion of over 2,000 must be made by primary election or 
by petition. Nominations for offices in districts with a 
less population are not so made unless the qualified elec¬ 
tors thereof so desire. All delegates to national conven¬ 
tions of the different political parties are to be chosen 
by primary and provision is made for a preferential vote 
for United States senator. Candidates for the office of 
delegate to the national conventions are required to state 
their preference as between the different candidates for 
the presidency. This is merely another manifestation of 
the desire to bring the details of government down closer 
to the individual unit. The evolution of politics clearly 
suggests the propriety of this arrangement. This law 
should be so drawn as to provide equality of opportunity 
as between men of small and large means in presenting 
their claims for the consideration of the electors. 

Proposal Twenty-seven amends Article VI of the con¬ 
stitution as follows: 

“Provision shall be made by law for the organization, 
administration and control of the public school system of 
the state supported by public funds.” 

Because of its far-reaching influence and the further 
fact that the schools form the real base to our institu¬ 
tions and civilization, this constitutional change imposes 
upon the legislature a great responsibility. It will be 
noted that provision is made for the organization of a 
school system in Ohio. Whether this phraseology was 
so intended or not, still in plain words it exhibits a very 
serious lack in our government scheme, because Ohio 
really has no uniform school system. Instead, we have a 
variety of school systems, and the truth is that Ohio does 
not rank with many of the best states in the Union in 
the matter of her public schools. This subject suggests 
possibilities of such stupendous moment to the people that 
legislation should be preceded by investigation. It is my 
judgment that a complete school survey should be made 
of the state. This plan has been followed by a number 
of states in the last few years and the conditions existent 
in many parts of these commonwealths have been sur¬ 
prising to the people. If a survey is made in Ohio there 
will be found such a number of school systems as to 
clearly index the disorder and incongruity of our present 
archaic structure. No one will deny the need of com¬ 
plete uniformity in the method of teaching, sanitation. 








Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 35 

etc. Other states have found it necessary to withhold 
the distribution of the state common school funds to all 
districts until they have fully complied with the laws 
I relative to the length of term, minimum salary, institute 
pay, janitor service, compulsory attendance and all reports 
j required of the department of public instruction. It is 
' the executive recommendation that a commission consist- 
I ing of not less than three persons, to be selected by the 
governor, be created for the purpose of conducting a 
complete school survery of the state and reporting a plan 
of school supervision. The Bureau of Municipal Research 
1 in New York City has been of untold assistance to every 
' state undertaking this great work, and we have the as- 
p surance of co-operation from experts employed by that 
bureau when we begin here. It is pertinent to quote a 
statement recently received from William H. Allen, one 
of the directors of this organization. He says: “You 
may be interested that following the announcement of 
our report several weeks ago on Wisconsin rural schools 
requests have come to us already from thirty-four states. 
Eighty-two cities, several normal colleges and many uni¬ 
versities are using the report for text-book purposes to 
interest teachers in looking for deficiencies in their own 
environment and methods.” The result of this survey 
will enable the state to provide and maintain a modern 
and uniform school system and bring to every community 
the advantages wrought by the best thought and research. 
The commission should by all means be empowered to 
work out some system of standardizing text-books in 
order that the expense of education might be reduced and 
the recurrent school book scandals made a thing of the 
past. 

Proposal Thirty-two amends Article VII of the con¬ 
stitution in several important respects. The mandatory 
provision directs the legislature to pass laws “taxing by 
a uniform rule all moneys, credits, investments in bonds, 
stocks, joint stock companies, or otherwise; and also all 
i real and personal property according to# its true value 
L in money, excepting all bonds at present outstanding in 
: the state of Ohio, or of any city, village, hamlet, county, 
or township in this state or which have been issued in 
behalf of the public schools in Ohio and the means of in¬ 
struction in connection therewith, which bonds so at 
present outstanding shall be exempt from taxation.” 

Your body is given the right to provide legislation 
taxing incomes, inheritances and franchises. The au¬ 
thority is also extended to impose taxes on the produc¬ 
tion of coal, oil, gas and other minerals. The under¬ 
lying spirit of taxation contemplates an arrangement under 
which contribution for governmental support shall be pro¬ 
portioned as nearly as possible to the benefits received. 
The amendment to the constitution licensing the liquor 
traffic reduces the number of saloons in the state and 
this automatically will greatly curtail both the state and 





36 Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 

local revenues. With this decline in income and the state 
limitation on the local tax rate carried by the one per 
cent, tax law, it will be necessary not only for the state 
but local subdivisions to procure revenue from other 
sources. There is no tax more just than that upon in¬ 
comes. The constitution permits the exemption of in¬ 
comes up to $3,000, so that it would not bear heavily upon 
a single individual. With inheritances the constitution 
permits the exemption of estates up to $20,000. This form 
of taxation is sanctioned by usage in a great many of 
the states. Franchises are a thing of absolute value and 
constitute in many instances a gratuitous contribution by 
government to private and corporate interests. This is 
also an equitable plan of taxation. With the constitutional 
right to tax inheritances, incomes and franchises and the 
production of coal, oil, gas and other minerals there is 
abundant facility to provide for the depletion in revenue 
occasioned by the revision of the liquor laws and to take 
care of any other emergency which might arise. 

Taxation is always a live subject and I may later 
submit recommendations touching on matters apart from 
the provisions either of our platform or the mandatory 
amendments. 

Article XV of the constitution as amended provides 
that “Appointments and promotions in the civil service of 
the state, the several counties and cities, shall be made 
according to merit and fitness, to be ascertained as far 
as practicable by competitive examination. Laws shall be 
passed providing for the enforcement of this provision.” 

It therefore becomes the duty of the legislature to 
establish a civil service S3^£^em extending to the state, 
counties and municipalities. This obtains now in cities 
and it would be my suggestion that they be permitted 
to operate through their own civil service commissions 
to the extent that no conflict occurs with the state law. 
Wisconsin and New York have recently installed a civil 
service system. ],t has for its purpose the establishment 
of a merit system and giving to every citizen the com¬ 
petitive right to enter the public service. The experience 
of other states demonstrates the importance of so shaping 
the law as to make it much more difficult to get into the 
service than out of it. I mean by this that the test should 
be so high as to insure competency and that no provision 
should in the least degree exempt an employe from the 
responsibilities of the station. The criticism most heard 
of the federal civil service law is that an administrative 
officer is without simplified power to remove an incom¬ 
petent employe. My suggestion to the legislature would 
be that the expense of this commission be kept to the 
nearest possible minimum. The logical tendency is toward 
government by commissions or bureaus. No needless 
organization should be created, but when necessity sug¬ 
gests a new administrative unit, every precaution should 
be exercised against the establishment of sinecures. 






Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 37 

This disposes of the so-called mandatory amendments 
to the constitution. 

The public interest, I think, demands the passage of 
a so-called blue sky law as provided for in the amend¬ 
ment to Article XIII of the constitution. It is conceded 
that our citizens have been robbed of millions of dollars 
through the sale in this state of worthless securities. 
Some may urge that the state should not be constituted 
as a financial guardian of its citizens. Under the com¬ 
mon law it is unlawful to procure money under false 
pretenses, and it is difficult to resist the conclusion that 
the real spirit of the law would bring the sale of fictitious 
stocks and the procurement of goods under false pre¬ 
tenses in the same moral classification. The Kansas law 
on this subject prevents the sale of securities in the state 
until they have been passed upon by some constituted 
state authority. There is a difference between “wild 
catting” in brokerage operations and the legitimate in¬ 
vestment houses. It is recommended therefore that the 
law be so framed as to stamp out illegitimate practice 
and conserve the legitimate. 

It would certainly be common bad faith not to pass 
a compusory workmen’s compensation law. No subject 
was discussed during the last campaign with greater 
elaboration and it must be stated to the credit of our 
citizenship generally that regardless of the differences of 
opinion existent for many years, the justice of the com¬ 
pulsory feature is now admitted. Much of the criticism 
of the courts has been due to. the trials of personal injury 
cases under the principles of practice which held the fel¬ 
low-servant rule, the assumption of risk and contributory 
negligence, to be grounds of defense. The layman reaches 
his conclusion with resipect to justice along the lines of 
common sense, and the practice in personal injury cases 
has been so sharply in conflict with the plain fundamentals 
of right, that social unrest has been much contributed 
to. A second phase of this whole subject which has been 
noted in the development of the great industrialism of 
the day has been the inevitable animosity between capital 
• and labor through the ceaseless litigation growing out of 
these cases. The individual or the corporation that em¬ 
ploys on a large scale has taken insurance in liability 
companies and in too many instances cases which ad¬ 
mitted of little difference of opinion have been carried 
into the courts. The third injustice has been the waste 
occasioned by the system. The injured workman or the 
family deprived of its support by accident is not so cir¬ 
cumstanced that the case can be contested with the cor¬ 
poration to the court of last resort. The need of funds 
compels compromise on a base that is not always equitable. 
Human nature many times drives sharp bargains that 
can hardly be endorsed by the moral scale. In the final 
analysis the cost of attorney fees is so heavy that the 
amount which finally accrues in cases of accident is 







38 Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 

seriously curtailed before it reaches the beneficiary/ These 
three considerations clearly suggest the lifting of this 
whole operation out of the courts and the sphere of legal 
disputation. And then there is a broader principle which 
must be recognized. There is no characteristic of our 
civilization so marked as the element of interdependence 
as between social units. We are all dependent upon our 
fellows in one way or another. Some occupations, how¬ 
ever, are more hazardous than others and the rule of 
the past, in compelling those engaged in dangerous ac¬ 
tivities to bear unaided the burden of this great risk, 
is not right. The workmen’s compensation law in this 
state, which, however, lacks the compulsory feature, has 
made steady growth in popularity. The heavy decrease 
in rates clearly indicate economy and efficiency in the 
administration of the state liability board of awards. The 
compulsory feature, however, should at once be added. I 
respectfully but very earnestly urge its adoption amenda¬ 
tory of the present law with such other changes as ex¬ 
perience might dictate. There is some force and justice 
in the contention that the employers should be given the 
option of insuring either in the state fund under thhe 
liability board of awards or in liability companies which 
have met all the requirements of the state department 
of insurance. If the state board gives better service and 
lower rates it will be perfectly apparent that the liability 
companies are operating on the wrong base. If on the 
other hand insurance concerns yield an advantage in both 
service and rates then it would be safe to assume that 
efficiency and economy of administration are lacking with 
the state board. The competitive feature may be whole¬ 
some. The objective to be sought is the fullest measure 
of protection to those engaged in dangerous occupations 
with the least burden of cost to society, because after all 
the social organization must pay for it. The ultimate 
result of this law will be the reduction in death and acci¬ 
dent because not only the humanitarian but the commercial 
consideration will suggest the necessity of installing and 
maintaining with more vigilance modern safety devices. 

Government as a science must make its improvement 
along the same practical lines which develop system, 
simplification, classification of kindred activities and better 
administrative direction in the evolution of business. A 
private or corporate enterprise is compelled to promote in 
the highest degree both efficiency and economy because 
its income is subject to the hazards of business. Govern¬ 
ment without this spur of necessity, because its revenue 
is both regular and certain, does not effect reorganiza¬ 
tions and combine common activities so readily. One 
reason, of course, is that new legislation is required and 
that is not easy at all times. Wherever human energies 
are now being directed toward more efficient public serv¬ 
ice, we find the consolidation under one administrative 
unit or bureau of all departments, which deal either in 


Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 39 

direct or different manner with the same general subject. 
Investigation develops many duplications in both labor 
and expense in the departments of the state. No business 
institution would continue such a policy, and recognizing 
now the importance of conducting the business of the 
commonwealth along the same modern and efficient lines 
of private and corporate operations, there is submitted 
herewith to your honorable body two recommendations 
which in my judgment are of tremendous importance, 
namely, the creation of an Industrial Commission and a 
Department of Agriculture. The first named organiza¬ 
tion would combine every existing department which deals 
with the relation between capital and labor. It is cer¬ 
tainly a logical observation that the department heads 
clothed with the responsibility of details will find it ex¬ 
tremely difficult to rise to the moral vision necessary to 
construct and conserve policies dealing with big things. 
Resides duplication of service is a waste of both human 
energy and state funds. The bureau of labor statistics 
is in charge of a commissioner, and the expense for the 
past year was $32,460. The department of inspection of 
workshops, factories and public buildings is directed by 
a chief inspector and the expense for the year was 
$80,240. The state mine inspection department is in 
charge of a chief inspector and the cost for the year was 
$42,040. The department of examiner of steam engineers 
is in charge of a chief examiner. It was run at a cost 
of $32,700. The department of inspection of boilers or 
board of boiler rules is composed of five membciS, in¬ 
cluding the chief engineer, who is chairman of the board, 
and who gives all of his time to the state. His salary 
is $3,000. The compensation of the other four members 
is $1,000 each. This department cost the state last year 
$40,700. The state liability board of awards consists of 
three membefs who receive a salary of $5,000 each. It cost 
the administration for the year $42,081. The total is 
$270,221 for these departments, not counting additional 
provisions by the emergency board. 

These several departments touch the relation of capital 
and labor. In some of the large cities of the state sepa¬ 
rate offices are maintained. There is nothing new or 
experimental in this suggested consolidation. It is so 
obviously in harmony with modern methods that it is 
almost useless to investigate the experience of other states 
where the plan is universally commended and stands with¬ 
out an expressed criticism from either capital or labor. 
The departments involved are all rendering splendid 
service now and this suggestion must not be accepted as 
the slightest criticism of the personnel. It is highly im¬ 
portant, however, that every agency of government render 
its utmost with a view to. bringing these two reciprocal 
elements of industrialism to a base of common under¬ 
standing and public endorsement. It is the recommenda¬ 
tion therefore that the industrial commission be created 








40 Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 

by legislative enactment, to consist of not less than three 
members appointed by the governor and that this or¬ 
ganization be given wide discretionary powers for the 
reasons which have already been advanced in this com¬ 
munication. 

The same reasons advanced for the consolidation of 
the labor departments apply with equal force to the same 
arrangement in behalf of a department of agriculture. 
We have three distinct administrative subdivisions, namely, 
the state board of agriculture, the college of agriculture 
and the experiment station. The first two are directed 
by boards the members of which are appointed by the 
governor. I have made personal investigation with respect 
to 25 agricultural activities in the state. Of these direct 
duplication ensues in 14 departments of the work, while 
triplication occurs in 11. Every one of the three depart¬ 
ments is engaged in orchard, spraying and pruning demon¬ 
strations, farmers’ institute work, the publication of bul¬ 
letins, in many instances on the same subject. Lecture 
work independent of institutes and granges, exhibits at 
agricultural fairs, investigation of the cost of agricultural 
production, organization of farmers’ clubs, corn shows, 
field meetings and farm advice. 

Very useful service has been rendered in behalf of 
the agricultural interests, but the present system cannot 
be justified by any modern method of administration. 
Our labors have just begun in agricultural research work. 
Scientific investigation must play a large part because the 
mysteries, possibilities and utilities ©f nature are subjects 
to be developed. It touches the question of food and 
clothing, two very vital considerations, so important in 
fact, that there is the highest call for’efficient organiza¬ 
tion. Recommendation has already been made in com¬ 
pliance with the short ballot to abolish as elective the 
office of dairy and food commissioner. Under the present 
arrangement the dairy and food commissioner is devoting 
a large part of the energies of this splendidly conducted 
department in investigating the illegal sale of liquor. This 
will logically be transferred to the liquor license commis¬ 
sion and the remaining operations of the dairy and food 
department should be taken over by the department of 
agriculture. In this connection the legislature will find, 
upon inquiry, that the laws with respect to food inspec¬ 
tion and regulation are very inefficient. The dairy in¬ 
dustry has shown development in every part of the coun¬ 
try where increased inspection is brought to milk products. 
The police power of the state is a c©«stitutional provision 
for the primary purposes of conserving the general wel¬ 
fare. The public health is certainly entitled to first con¬ 
sideration. There is no uniformity in the communities 
of the state in the matter of food regulation. Many places 
are without local laws on the subject of meat inspection, 
for instance; and in some cities, even where the pro¬ 
vision seems sufficient, the local authority is so remiss as 


Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 41 


to constitute a reproach on government. Every slaughter¬ 
ing and meat packing house engaged in interstate traffic 
is subject to inspection by the federal government. The 
result is that these institutions in their desire to escape 
loss from condemned animals, make the first selection ^ 
from stock yards and farms. The meat slaughtered for 
purposes that do not constitute interstate traffic and which, 
it must be understood, is limited to consumption Tn the' 
state, is procured from the herds that have been picked 
over. It is true both with respect to meat and milk, that 
the lowest quality, with its disease-producing possibilities, 
goes to the communities where the food regulations are 
lax. Ohio demands attention to the subject of human 
conservation, and the police power of the state lodged in 
the hands of a strong department of agriculture could be 
exercised for the protection of our citizenship. I there¬ 
fore recommend the consolidation of the state board of 
agriculture, the Ohio experiment station and the college 
of agriculture, under what shall be known as the depart¬ 
ment of agriculture, the agricultural commission, or such 
other designation as the wisdom of the legislature might 
suggest. The college of agriculture is a part of the state 
university and the dual relation of the college to both 
the university and the department of agriculture occasions 
the only real problems. However, the university at Co¬ 
lumbus is a state institution conducted with funds ap¬ 
propriated by the state and with the relation which is 
now being established as between the state government 
and the state university there is every belief that common 
interest is sure to prevent any conflict in administration. 

This introduces the subject of co-ordinating the 
energies of the state government and the state university. 
Wisconsin has made its greatest progress because of this 
relation. Students whose services under experienced 
heads have been called into practical operation come back 
to the institution of learning with problems from the field 
and the result has been an alert and progressive faculty. 
The advantage is so clearly mutual both in the develop¬ 
ment of government and learning, and in the economy 
of public expense, that no one will deny the self-evident 
wisdom of the plan. To take issue, with it one must 
predicate his position on the contention that research, ex¬ 
perimentation and education are not useful elements in 
the affairs of man or government. 

There should be established a bureau of legislative 
research for the development of every subject vital to 
the state and the legislature, and a salary should be pro¬ 
vided to make possible the employment of an expert. In 
other states tlie detail work of this department, under 
the direction of the chief, is performed in most part by 
students in the university and the bibliography of the sub¬ 
jects is developed in such thorough and systematic 
manner as to make the department an institution of en¬ 
during service and value to the state. The director should 







42 Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 

also be related to the department of political economy 
in the university, and be given the authority to employ 
an official draftsman during the session of the legislature 
for the use of its members. The bar of the country has 
given enthusiastic endorsement to this plan and wherever 
it has been installed it has saved confusion in administra¬ 
tion and reduced the element of delay occasioned by legal 
tests on ultra technical grounds. 

The subject of farm credits is claiming the attention 
of all civilized powers. They all recognize that the move¬ 
ment from the farm to the city continues in such in¬ 
creased proportion as to create a distinct and perplexing 
problem. At the conference of the governors held at 
Richmond, Va., Ambassador Myron T. Herrick, now 
located at the French capital, and an ex-governor of this 
state, made this observation: 

“The drift of the population to the city has not yet 
been stayed. Over 10 per cent has been added to the 
ratio of urban population in the last two decades. In 1900 
there was one farm for every 13.2 persons; in 1910 there 
was one farm for every 14.5 persons. On the average, 
therefore, each farm has to furnish food for more than 
one more persons than in 1900. Under the circumstances, 
it is not altogether surprising that in the last 20 years 
the price of cattle has advanced nearly 62 per cent, of 
hogs 96 peV cent, of cotton 28 per cent, of wheat 67 per 
cent, of corn 200 per cent, and of potatoes 288 per cent, 
and that the prices of other farm products have steadily 
advanced." 

Rural opportunity is the thing to be considered. Good 
roads and a modern common school system will do much 
toward increasing the advantages of country life, but the 
fact remains that there must be more tillers of the soil. 
The question of farm credits in the opinion of experts 
on the subject must be solved in the first instance through 
state rather than national legislation. Farmers need two 
sorts of credit: Long time credit for the purchase of 
land and the making of permanent improvements, and 
short time credit for the operation of their property, pur¬ 
chase of stock, fertilizer, financing their crops, etc. In 
both of these respects facilities are very insufficient in 
the United States. It is the recommendation that your 
body provide for the selection of a special commission 
for the purpose of making an investigation with respect 
to the exact needs of Ohio farmers for credit and the 
credit facilities that are now afforded. There is such a 
lively interest taken- in this subject that I am convinced 
the commission would serve without compensation. Ex- 
Governor Herrick has given his personal assurance that 
he will give every co-operation in the way of personal 
service and the contribution of such information as he 
has procured at home and abroad. 

Additional regulation is also'needed for the protection 
of breeding of live stock. Ohio is notoriously a dump- 



Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 43 

ing ground for diseased and unsound stock used for 
breeding purposes. It is also important that the fertilizer 
laws be strengthened and the farmer given better pro¬ 
tection against adulteration in all fertilizing and spraying 
materials. 

The department of health has asked for an increased 
appropriation of $25,000 to render more effective the 
combat against tuberculosis. It ought to be given. The 
agencies engaged in this work are being given every 
co-operation possible, governmental and otherwise, in 
every part of the world. Science has contributed much 
in reducing the morality, but our work has scarcely begun. 
The relatively small appropriation which is asked to main¬ 
tain for two years the annual expense of $3,000 necessary 
to investigate the subject of occupational diseases ought 
also to be allowed. Let me remind the legislature that 
$25,000 was appropriated by the state for the production 
of hog cholera serum. The requested appropriation to 
produce anti-toxin for diphtheria was not allowed. The 
economic loss from hog cholera in this state for the last 
year has been appalling. It has assumed almost the pro¬ 
portions of a disaster to many farmers and resulted in 
greatly increased prices for food supplies. Ample appro¬ 
priation should not only be made for the production of 
hog cholera serum but a system should be created making 
it more available. However, this should not be done to the 
neglect of the child. He is also entitled to protection 
against the disease of diphtheria. The circumstance is 
an index to the legislative tendency of the day. As I 
have myself served for four years in the federal legislative 
body this observation is not made in any invidious spirit. 

The newly amended constitution gives to the state the 
right to adopt the minimum wage, and to pass laws for 
the general welfare of the employe. There should be a 
common understanding of this subject as developed by a 
survey of the wage question. I am convinced there should 
be no law passed until after this is accomplished except 
to provide for obviously unjust conditions affecting the 
wages of women and children. The labor departments or 
the industrial commission, if it is established, could doubt¬ 
less make this survey without adding to the public expense. 
It is a question of live concern, and I regret that the infor¬ 
mation is not at hand so that a legislative remedy might 
be applied without delay. It is recommended that your 
body pass a resolution empowering such agency as in your 
judgment seems best to make the investigation. 

The state is paying in rentals over $50,000 a year 
for the reason that our public buildings are insufficient for 
the needs of the several state departments. This sum of 
money is ample to carry the interest charges on more 
than a million dollar investment. For approximately this 
sum, the state could unquestionably provide its own prop¬ 
erty and insure better accommodations for the depart¬ 
ments. I am mindful of the importance of guarding the 








•44 Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Hook, 1914. 

finances of the slate, and keeping our operations within 
■our revenues. But it is admittedly false economy to 
continue the rental system. Another thing to be considered 
is the rapidly appreciating value of business of real estate 
in the vicinity of the capitol, where purchase inevitably 
must be made. It is suggested that the General Assembly 
appoint a legislative committee to investigate the conditions 
and report on the expediency of acquiring property by 
condemnation for the purpose of this project. 

The commission appointed by Governor Harmon to 
codify subjects which relate to the child, has developed 
many interesting aspects, and I am convinced that its 
suggestions can profitably claim the most careful con¬ 
sideration of your body. The ablest juvenile officials of 
the state have responded to co-operation service in a very 
patriotic way, and the measure of information which has 
been adduced on child life will be of distinctive benefit 
to our people. The commission takes up the vital subject 
of the widows’ relief bill, and while it has not unanimously 
agreed as to the desirability of such a law, it is con¬ 
ceded that should any be passed, it should provide: 

“For the partial support of women whose husbands 
' are dead or become permanently disabled for work by 
reason of physical or mental infirmity, or whose husbands 
are prisoners, when such women are poor, and are the 
mothers of children under the age of fourteen years, and 
such mothers and children as have a legal residence in 
any county of the itate.” 

The order making an allowance shall not be effective 
for a longer period than six months, but upon expiration, 
the time can be extended, provided the home has first been 
visited and conditions investigated. The child or children 
must be living with the mother. The allowance should 
be made only when in the absence of it the mother would 
be required to work regularly away from her home and 
children. The mother must be a proper person, morally, 
physically and mentally, for the bringing up of the chil¬ 
dren. The purpose of such a law is to keep together 
families of widows and small children, that might other¬ 
wise be broken up, the belief being that it is cheaper to 
maintain these children in their homes than in public 
institutions, and that they are much better off with their 
mothers. The moral and humanitarian considerations 
make strong appeal to public favor. The great majority 
of juvenile judges believe the law should be passed, but 
that it should be a felony rather than a misdemeanor for 
any person to attempt-to obtain an alowance for any one 
not entitled to it. The state inspector of workshops and 
factories is enthusiastically in favor of the law. He re¬ 
ports that in certain cases he has investigated, where 
the child labor law has been violated, employment is 
rendered necessary by the absolute dependence of a 
widowed mother. In such instances, the growth of the 
child, physically, intellectually and morally, is interfered 


Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Rook, 1914. 45 


with, and these are considerations which must he measured 
on a higher footing than its items of public expense. 
Under existing law, the father who consigns his children 
to the county children’s home, because of his inability to 
maintain a satisfactory domestic arrangement cannot 
pay the county for this service. Instances have been re¬ 
ported where the parent has desired to do this, but there 
is no enabling statute. This one item would help to bear 
the expense of giving aid to dependent widows. The 
codifying commission in its suggestion has with far-seeing- 
vision created apparently every safeguard. It may be 
true that the most perfect law it is possible to enact v/ill 
have it abuses. Most laws have. I recommend this whole 
subject for the very careful consideration of your honor- 
abfe body. 

A thing to be avoided is the rapidly increasing expense 
in the cost of maintaining the militia. While this organiza¬ 
tion has its function and its maintenance in large degree.s. 
is made possible by the patriotic service of privates and 
officers who are devoted to military subjects, still it is. 
scarcely conceivable that any necessity exists for such 
disbursements in our state as almost equal to the total 
expense of two of the three constitutional branches of 
the government—the judicial and the legislative. One of 
the unfortunate tendencies of the time is toward excessive 
armament 

The moving picture business is one of the marked 
evolutions of the day. Its growth and the countless 
thousands which attend the shows daily stagger the imagi¬ 
nation. Without the restraint of govermental authoritiey, 
abuses are apt to develop, in fact, I am not sure they have 
not already done so. The picture films should be censored 
and the police power of the state should be exercised, in 
making it a state rather than a community reguation. 
The business has many useful functions, and under proper 
restrictions it can become a pleasureable and profitable 
recreation for the people. The youth is entitled to pro¬ 
tection against improper presentations. Immoral pictures, 
in public places, with apparent official sanction, cannot but 
excite a bad influence. I recommend the passage of a law 
which will establish the regulation, and assess against the 
business concerned sufficient fees to maintain the.admin¬ 
istrative machinery, 

I join in the recommendations made by Governor 
Harmon in relation to the following matters: The Perry 
Victory Centennial, the Panama Exposition, state super¬ 
vision over private banks, and the power of special counsel 
from the attorney general’s office to appear before grand 
juries. 

JAMES M. COX. . 

January 14, 1913. ' 


Space forbids including in this book the remarkably 
strong message of Governor Cox, submitted to the 









46 Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 

extraordinary session of the Eightieth General Assembly, 
and to the Special One-day session. These resulted in 
legislation which has given to Ohio a modern school system 
and in reduction of the state tax levy, which saved by one 
act $4,000,000 to the people of Ohio. These messages are 
available and may be secured by writing the Democratic 
Executive Committee, Columbus, Ohio. 



111 


Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 47 


OHIO DEMOCRATIC PLATFORM 
FOR 1914. 

EARNEST ENDORSEMENT OF THE ADMINISTRA¬ 
TION OF PRESIDENT WOODROW WILSON AND 
TOTAL APPROVAL OF ADMINISTRATION 
OF GOVERNOR JAMES M. COX. 


Pointing to a Record of Every Promise Kept and 
Every Pledge Redeemed a Challenge is Issued 
\ to Critics of the Opposition. 


The Ohio Democratic State platform adopted August 
25, 1914, is as follows: 

“Pursuant to law, the Democratic party of Ohio, in 
state convention asembled this 25th day of August, 1914, 
declared and publishes the following platform of principles; 

“We most earnestly endorse the Administration of 
President Woodrow Wilson. We are profoundly grate¬ 
ful for the peace which his wise statemanship has pre¬ 
served us, while pitiless war strikes terror to the souls of 
the citizens of nearly every other great Power of earth. 
We endorse the peace treaties he has negotiated, and 
respectfully invite all the people of this state, without re¬ 
gard to partisanship, to join us in the expression of deepest 
appreciation of his patriotism; this pledge of our loyalty, 
fiidelity and devotion in these trying times and in this 
message of sympathy given him in the hours of his greatest 
. personal grief. 

“Bespeaking widest co-operation, we endorse the 
splendid record of Hon. Atlee Pomerne, and we promise 
our untiring efforts to the end that Ohio may send to 
Washington this year another Senator to join him and a 
new congressional delegation, all of whom shall continue 
to uphold the President and be in and of the Administra¬ 
tion in both heart and spirit. 

“With equal earnestness and commensurate pride we 
endorse and approve the wise, energetic and statesmanlike 
administration of Governor James M. Cox and the Gen¬ 
eral Assembly, who have redeemed to the letter every plat¬ 
form pledge made to the people, thus establishing a new 
record of fidelity to a trust. 

“Two years ago the people of this state at a non¬ 
partisan election ordered the first material change in their 
sonstitution in over 60 years by ratifying more than 30 
amendments thereto which had been submitted by a Con¬ 
stitutional Convention, the members of which had also 
been elected upon a nonpartisan balott The vote was 
emphatic. Thus was imposed a duty upon the General 
Assembly and the Executive elected in 1912 to enact and 
to enforce such laws as would vitalize the people’s mandate. 









48 Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 

‘‘In two sessions of the General Assembly, and on the 
specific recommendations of the Governor, in each instance 
all the laws necessary to put the people’s amendment to 
their constitution in full force and effect were enacted. 
Not a single responsibility was dodged or shirked. 

“These laws are the Democratic interpretation of the 
people’s will. We stand by each and all of them. We 
challenge the critics of the opposition to name the law or 
laws they would repeal or amend, and, if named, in what 
respect. Then an issue may be joined. 

“Believing that the enactments of the last two years 
constitute a full satisfaction of the demands of the people, 
as expressed in their votes on the constitutional amend¬ 
ments, we pledge the General Assembly which is to be 
elected in November of this year to the briefest possible 
session and to the consideration of such matters only as 
are of general community interest. 

“The work of the last brief session of the General 
Assembly, which consisted in the cutting of the state tax 
levy more than 50 per cent., thus reducing the same to the 
lowest point in Ohio’s history, will not excite the criticism 
of. any honest citizen. This result was made possible by 
the enactment of a new tax law which simply introduced 
a business principle into the matter of listing property for 
taxation. 

“The general lightening of the burdens of all honest 
taxpayer is the law’s vindication. It will produce even 
better and more equitable results next 3 'ear than this. 

“We urge upon the National Congress the enactment 
of a workmen’s compensation law similar to that in force 
in this state, to the end that those of our laborers employed 
in iiAerstate commerce may enjoy the same protection that 
their fellow employees in Ohio now enjoy.’’ 


SHOW THIS TO EVERY VOTER. 


For Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, 

HUGH L. NICHOLS. 

For Judge of the Supreme Court, 

J. FOSTER WILKIN. 

For Judge of the Supreme Court, 

PHIL M. CROW. 

Get these names in your mind and place an X mark 
before each one on the non-partisan judicial ballot. 

Remember that the names do not appear in regular 
order but will alternate with other candidates, and order 
or rotation will change on every other ballot. 

Keep the names in mind. 




Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914 49 


KEEP THE PROGRAM OF PROGRESS 
IN THE HANDS OF ITS FRIENDS. 


DEMOCRATIC STATE ADMINISTRATION HAS FUL¬ 
FILLED EVERY PROMISE AND CARRIED OUT 
THE DEMANDS OF THE PEOPLE IN CON¬ 
STITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS. 


A Record of Five and One-Half Years of Performances 
Which Have Placed Ohio in the Lead of all Pro¬ 
gressive States in the Union. 


There can be no evasion of the issue in Ohio this 
year. The Democratic administration of the past two 
years comes before the people for endorsement on a record 
of every promise fulfilled; on a record of having carried 
out completely the program of progress demanded by the 
people two years ago in the adoption of thirty-four con¬ 
stitutional amendments. 

The people of Ohio must this year decide whether 
they will continue this progress or whether they will go 
back more than fifty years in the past. 

The Democratic Governor, the administrative oncers 
and the legislature have kept the faith. They have done 
their duty fearlessly. They have given to the people that 
which was demanded, that which was needed, and that 
which has placed Ohio in i^e lead of all states, as a place 
to live and gain a living. They have given to Ohio more 
of honesty, efficiency, economy and humanity in govern¬ 
ment than has ever been known before. They have added 
two more years of service to the admirable record of four 
years preceding. 

The people have been benefited by the enactment of 
purely non-partisan laws that have been a service to all. 
The tax dodgers have been brought from hiding, enabling 
the state levy to be cut $4,000,000, and making possible the 
reduction of tax rates in every sub-division of the state. 
A good roads program has been placed in operation, which 
if continued, will in two years give Ohio the best roads 
in the Union, and under a plan by which a portion of the 
expense is borne by the federal government. Rural 
schools have been made efficient and modern, and at a 
less cost to the taxpayer than heretofore, so that the boy 
and girl of the country have equal advantages with those 
of the city. Businesslike principles have been placed in 
operation in the making of a budget, which in its first 
effect saved a million dollars to the people of the state. 
The liquor licensing law, demanded by the people in a 
constitutional amendment carried by nearly 100,000 votes, 
has been placed in operation and strictly enforced. The 
workmen*s compensation law, the most humane measure 











50 Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 

for the benefit of those who labor, has by the administra¬ 
tion, been made compulsory and every man who labors is 
protected. The mother’s pension, and the blind pension, 
have been made effective. Prison reform has been 
introduced, and now there is the work for making of 
men. More attention is given to the children of the state 
who became public charges, and humanity and society have 
been served as never before. Efficiency has been put in 
every state department. Useless bureaus without heads 
have been consolidated in commisions and made effective.. 
Every state employe gives service to the state for the time 
for which he is paid. The treasury is free from graft, 
and the people now get accounting for every dollar that 
belongs to them. No longer are public funds used to 
enrich a favored few, among whom the chief beneficiary 
was George B. Cox, in Cincinnati. A business system in 
the office of auditor, and a like system in the office of 
the treasurer, safeguard the rights of the people. 

These are only a few of the-things that can be re¬ 
counted. Others are told in the progress of the new 
Ohio and described in the book of the year, “The New 
Ohio.” 

The people of Ohio have been served as they demanded 
to be served, with service that meant something. When 
the start for better things was made in 1912, when the 
people asked a more business-like, charter, the Democratic 
party alone went to their aid. In the Democratic state 
convention on the program of progress was endorsed, and 
the proposed constitutional amendments were approved 
several months before they were to be voted on. 

Goxernor ,Cox, then the Democratic nominee for 
Governor, took the stump for the approved amendments. 
He fought for the rights of the people. He was ably 
seconded by other prominent Democrats and was elected 
on the platform to carry into effect the advanced pro¬ 
gram that would he adopted. He has continued the fight 
for better things, with great measure of success. He has 
kept and fulfilled every promise. 

Now the people of Ohio' are called upon to decide 
whether they will reward a Governor who has been true, 
who took them at their word that they wanted advance¬ 
ment, or whether an enemy is to be chosen to ruthlessly 
destroy what it has taken the hardest kind of effort to 
build up. 

When Governor Cox .was in the field night and day 
working for the principles for which the people declared, 
his now leading opponent was excusing himself, waiting 
to see which way the wind would blow.. His record in 
the House of Representatives, has shown his reactionary 
tendencies, and he is known to be opposed to the new 
order of the state and nation. 

Congressman Willis, the Republican nominee for 
Governor, has been aligned with the reactionary leaders 


Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 51 


of the House in opposing the great measures of Pres¬ 
ident Woodrow WMson. He opposed the currency re¬ 
form and belittled the President in such manner as to 
call down the censure of the New York‘World In scath¬ 
ing terms. He opposed the peace program of President 
Wilson, and dubbed the honored President's plan as 
puerile, joining with the other* criticism that it was 
puerile and pusillanimous. He was one of 58 reaction¬ 
aries who voted against the President's proposal to open 
the commerce of the world to the congested farm prod¬ 
ucts, by the Insurance of vessels on the high seas; not- 
wlth standing his own platform, after more than fifty 
years of opportunity without action, had declared for a 
merchant marine. He stands on a program that would 
destroy the good roads promised for Ohio and lose the 
federal aid. He would render inoperative the wise and 
efficient laws of the past two years. 

The policies placed in operation by the constitutional 
amendments are just starting. They should be thoroughly 
tried out and the test should be in the hands of those 
who are known to be friendly to the program. If the 
people knew what they wanted in 1912, and what they 
needed, that has been given them by the Democratic state 
administration. The same friendly supporters who made 
possible the reforms and progress should be retained 
while the program is placed in full and complete operation. 
This continuation means a period of legislative rest, as 
opposed to the turmoil of a reactionary policy which would 
lose to the citizens of Ohio all that has been accomplished 
in the past two years. 

In placing in operation all the measures demanded by 
the people there was some opposition to overcome. For 
years a disgraceful lobby had infested the state house, 
had blocked legislation, and had so extended their power 
that no legislature was free from their slimy grasp, and 
the scandal it entailed. 

The first act of the Democratic administration in 
1913 was to drive the lobby from the state house, by the 
passage of drastic anti-lobby bill. The result was that the 
legislature was free to act and did act. Not a breath of 
scandal or graft followed the busiest sessions in the 
history of the state. More legislation affecting big busi¬ 
ness was enacted than ever before, when the lobbylist 
would have done a thriving business had he been permitted 
and yet was not even a hint of dishonesty or bribery. This 
extended itself to every office in the state house, and in 
no corner of the building, in no part of the administration, 
has any one dared even, suggest the presence of dishonesty. 
The administration has been absolutely clean, without the 
semblence of. graft. 

Of course, the passage of the anti-lobby bill and the 
enforcement of the law, severed some fellows from their 
jobs, who had long been accustomed to easy livings in 







52 Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 

their capacity of the “third house" of the state. They no 
longer had an easy graft in which they could escape 
punishment, while those who fell beneath their wiles, lost 
honor and sometimes liberty. They had to do something 
else. And that is where the opposition to the progress 
of the administration started, and where it is being con¬ 
tinued. These defeated lobbyists formed associations by 
which they might be employed, to defeat legislation by 
means of fraudulent petitions, such as were proffered to 
destroy tlie Workmen’s Compensation law, the best law 
ever put on the books of Ohio. For a time the ex-lobbyists 
throve and waxed fat at the expense of liability companies, 
and other organizations, but again their frauds were un¬ 
covered, the legislature passed laws protecting the initia¬ 
tive and referendum of the people, and the lobbyists cast 
about for revenge. The rights of the people have pre¬ 
vailed and been protected by an administration which has 
been fearless and honest in discharging all duties. 

The administration of Governor James M. Cox is a 
glorious successor to that of Governor Judson Harmon. 
Filled with constructive statesmanship and business ap¬ 
plication it is the marvel of a progressive country. Ohio 
has now taken her rightful place among states through the 
advanced legislation and law enforcement of the past two 
years. There is now in this state a government for all 
the people, administered in the interests of honesty, 
efficiency, economy and humanity. Continuance is assured 
by the re-election of Governor James M. Cox. 

Lieutenant Governor W. A. Greenlund has been 
endorsed for re-election, and is worthy of the confidence 
reposed in him. He has served efficiently in the Senate 
and in his present capacity. His work has been of great 
aid in the advance of progress, and he should be continued 
in the office. 

In the office of the state treasurer, a splendid record 
has not only been continued, but has been bettered. Two 
years ago the people endorsed the efficient work of John 
P. Brennan, who was cashier in the office, had assisted in 
working out the system which gives to the people of Ohio 
millions annually in interest on public funds. John Bren¬ 
nan has made good and has increased the treasury earnings 
and savings in great degree. He has so well served, that 
Democracy has again endorsed him and he should be re¬ 
elected. 

The efficient record in the office of the Secretary of 
State made by Charles H. Graves, will be continued if J. 
H. Secrest is elected to succeed him. Mr. Secrest is 
familiar with the work of the office, and is well equipped 
in every way. He is honest and faithful, with an excellent 
record. 

It is essential that for attorney general of the state a 
man be selected, who not only is a good lawyer, but who 
is in accord witli the work of progress. Such a man is 
Joseph McGhee who so ably assisted Attorney General 


Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 53 


iogan, that he was promoted from First Assistant lo 
special Counsel to the State Utilities Commission. His 
record is one of consistent support of the administration 
program and defense of the progressive laws in effectual 
manner. Not only has he done this but he has assisted 
'• 11 , 1 !*^'general in the recovery of money illegally 
vvithheld from the state. Mr. McGhee has served so well 
that he is heartily endorsed. 


Ihe record in the supreme court has been one of 
e icienc> o longer are the laws delays a bugbear in the 
r xt'- 1 ^”*^ continued under Chief Justice Hugh 

. Nichols, and Judges J. Foster Wilkin and Phil M 
Crow, with Frank McKean, as clerk. While the candi¬ 
dates for chief justice and judge are on the separate 
judicial ticket they have the endorsement of the Demo¬ 
cratic primary election. 

Only by the re-election of Chief Justice Hugh L 
Nichols and Judge J. Foster Wilkin and by the election 
of Judge Phil W. Crow, can the people assure themselves 
that the personnel of the Ohio Supreme Court will be 
^uch as the state should have for the most important and 
most difficult judicial positions in the state. These three 
men are not experiments in the places to which they 
aspire. 

The record of Judge Nichols is unsurpassed by that 
of any Ohio jurist in half a century. He towers above 
his predecessors in ability while a genial personality and 
close touch with men in the ordinary walks of life make 
him fit to occupy a position that may affect every citizen 
of Ohio. Added to other qualities is a fearlessness ab¬ 
solute. When he was Lieutenant Governor of Ohio there 
was not a crook who did not fear him. His vigilance 
drove many of the men who came to “do business” from 
legislative halls. 


Judge Wilkin has become acquainted with the voters 
of Ohio. Had he in two years done nothing more than 
the decision in the case in which he corrected the “court- 
made” law on embezzlement so that crime really became 
crime without possibility of escape, he would have earned 
the gratitude of the state. There are many more deci- 
. sions written by Judge Wilkin that impart a healthy tone 
into court reports. 

Judge Crow’s reputation was sectional until he sprang 
into leadership through his report on the coal mining 
commisison. That document suggested to the miners the 
manner in which the thing they long have sought has 
been attained, the run-of-mine system of paying for coal. 
In his own Appellate Court District there is little need 
for saying anything about Judge Crow. He is known to 
every citizen and were those who know him able to tell 
all the remainder of the state his election would be 
unanimous. 

Added to the interest in the Ohio State election is the 
national significance, in that under the constitutional 






54 Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 

amendment, the people will elect a United States Senator 
to serve as colleague of the Honorable Atlee Pomerene. 
The Democratic candidate is Timothy S. Hogan, whose 
record as Attorney General of Ohio, is the best ever made 
in the office. He is a strong advocate of the rights of 
the people, of Democratic principles, and an admirer and 
upholder of President Wilson. If elected he will be found 
in the battle line against those who oppose the stateman- 
ship of the President, fighting for the things advocated 
by him. 

In addition to this, twenty-two representatives in 
Congress are to be chosen. It is essential that these be 
Democrats, who are pledged to uphold and assist President 
Wilson. 


SHOW THIS TO EVERY VOTER. 


For Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, 

HUGH L. NICHOLS. 

For Judge of the Supreme Court, 

J. FOSTER WILKIN. 

For Judge of the Supreme Court, 

PHIL M. CROW. 

Get these names in your mind and place an X mark 
before each one on the non-partisan judicial ballot. 

Remember that the names do not appear in regular 
order but will alternate with other candidates, and order 
or rotation will change on every other ballot. 

Keep the names in mind. 




Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 55 


NO SCANDAL IN THE TREASURY UNDER 
TERM OF JOHN P. BRENNAN. 


FAITHFUL GUARDIAN OF THE PUBLIC FUNDS 

has made better the record estab¬ 
lished. UNDER FORMER DEMOCRATIC 
ADMINISTRATIONS. 


Does Any Tax Payer Want to go Back to the Old 
Days by Entrusting the States Money to Leaders 
Who Once’ Looted the Strong Box of Ohio? 


There has not been a breath of scandal as to the 
management of Ohio’s finances under the present admin¬ 
istration, and there will not be so long as such faithful 
public servants as State Treasurer John P. Brennan and 
State Auditor Vic Donahey are on guard. With Donahey 
issuing all warrants and Brennan cashing them, every 
legislative “Thou shalt not” will be enforced to the letter. 
It is up to the voters of Ohio this fall to decide whether 
they desire these fearless financial officers to continue 
their sturdy onslaught on official extravagance, improper 
expenditures and selfish manipulations on public funds, or 
whether they wish to revert back to the loose methods and 
official graft of former years. State -Treasurer Brennan 
has stood firmly with the State Auditor in the policy of 
retrenchment of state expenditures and the elimination 
of improper allowances. He is a candidate this year for a 
second term, and the adoption of the present state policy 
of scrutinizing every bill and rejecting all improper claims 
will not only be endorsed, but its continuation will be 
guaranteed by his re-election. The present State Treasurer 
was a pioneer in this reform. 

SERVICE TO THE STATE. 

Mr. Brennan’s greatest service has been to the state. 
When he became Cashier under the State Treasurer in 
1909, he found the public funds of the state being farmed 
out by derelict officials to favored banks and all interest 
going into private pockets. The competitive bid plan was 
adopted in the state in the loaning of public funds. By 
this change and under this system the State Treasury since 
February 1, 1919, has profited from interest on state funds 
the stupendous sum of $1,170,861.30. The interest received 
this year by the state will far exceed all former records, 
as the receipt of interest for the first nine months on 
general revenue funds has been $214,632.20, and on indus¬ 
trial insurance funds $41,097.26, a total of $255,729.46, 
which would indicate that the total interest receipts by 





56 Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 

* 

the state for the year ending November 1, 1914, will be 
nearly $350,000.00. 

But great as has been the gain to the state by the 
establishment of the competitive bid system, a larger 
benefit has accrued to cities, villages, counties and other 
political subdivisions. During the past year more than 
five million dollars has been collected in interest on public 
monies,—county, city school and township. All this is 
the direct outgrowth of the efforts of a few men like 
Treasurer John P. Brennan, The interest collected by 
him on state funds this year would pay his salary fifty 
years. ^ 

Just a few years before Democrats came into control 
of the state government, not a dollar was reali 2 ed from 
interest on public funds, and the disgusting manipulation 
of public funds for private profit penetrated every nook 
and corner of the state. Then the struggle among banks 
was to see who would name the local custodian of public 
funds; now the contest is to see which one will pay the 
highest rate of interest and thus secure the use of these 
funds. Does any taxpayer want to go back to old methods ? 
Is it safe to trust party leaders who once looted the public 
treasury? 

LEST THE PEOPLE FORGET. 

The beginning of the new order of efficiency and 
economy in Ohio started with the revolution which drove 
the dishonest officials from office. The people disliked to 
be told it was NONE OF THEIR BUSINESS when 
they inquired about public funds, as occurred in the oltl 
Republican days of graft in the state treasury, and they 
set about to secure faithful and honest servants. They 
elected men who believed both in honesty and efficiency. 
They elected men who knew business methods and put 
them in operation. 

The men elected to bring about the new order found 
that money had been illegally deposited in banks prior to 
the passage of the state depository law in 1904, and that 
even that law had been violated after its passage. The 
state money had been busy for private gain. Funds were 
juggled from favored banks to state treasury and back, 
carried in suit cases and invested for private ends. There 
was no record in the state treasury of the transactions, 
other than certificates of deposit which might easily have 
become lost. The interest received mostly went to fatten 
private bank accounts. The state received nothing. 
Officers of the state are still engaged in trying to get 
back a^ portion of the state's money—such as the invest¬ 
igating forces have been able to locate, since the Demo¬ 
cratic officials were elected to clean up the Republican 
mess. 

Now business-like methods have been installed in 
every department of the state house. A recurrence of the 
old treasury graft is impossible unless the people them- 


Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 57 

selves grow careless and relinquish their guard. REPORTS 
OF THE TREASURY ARE NOW MADE DAILY to 
the auditor of the state and to Governor Cox, and the 
executive posts the daily report is a conspicuous place in 
the lobby of the executive office, where it is accessible 
to newspaper men and to, the general public. 

Now, under the new order, depositories for state 
funds are chosen by competitive bid. Every bank in the 
state has a chance to secure the public money on the 
highest bid of interest. Not a dollar is put out in any 
other way. And the people themselves know what banks 
are selected and the interest they pay, as well as the 
amounts held on deposit. • 

Under the old regime, when the graft grew and fat¬ 
tened, and when the scandal broke out, depositories of 
public funds were selected according to their political 
affiliation and political pull. This fact is established by 
letters found after the investigation started by Demo¬ 
cratic officials. Banks were told to get the endorsement of 
Republican politicians or office holders. In the case of 
the Marion County Bank Company the deposit was made 
solely on the recommendation of Warren G. Harding, then 
prominent in Republican politics, now a candidate for 
United States Senator. These letters show conclusively 
that the leading politicians of the party were hand in glove 
with the ring which made a practice for years of using 
state funds for private benefit. 

It is not possible that the business men of the state 
and the tax payers will approve a return to the old days 
of unbusiness-like conduct in the state house. It is not 
likely the people will want to see their money juggled 
again as it was in the old days of graft and inefficiency. 

In his speech before the Republican state convention 
Mr. Harding said: 

“I want the Republican party in Ohio, under the leadership 
of Frank B. Willis, to come back and make us what we were 
before.” 

V 

And this is precisely what the people want to prevent, 

. no matter what party is selected. The first demand is for 
honesty, for efficiency and economy. 

RANK AND FILE IS HONEST. 

The rank and file of the Republican party are just 
as honest as their political opponents, but the Republican 
leaders in the past could not resist temptation. The same 
leaders still control the party. If, when the cash balance 
in the state treasury was less than one-third what it is 
now, these leaders shamelessly profited to the extent of 
hundreds of thousands of dollars by loaning the people’s 
money to favored banks, what would be their profits now 
if entrusted with the enormous Democratic accumulation, 
including Workmen’s Insurance Funds, of nearly ten mil- 



58 Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 

lions of dollars now in the state treasury? Are we to 
reverse the teachings of the Nazarene and take the ten 
talents from the faithful servant and give them to the 
slothful one who pocketed the usury and told his master 
a lie about depositing his talent in a napkin? Can we now, 
after 1914 years, trust men .of this type who were 
condemned by the Gallilean? No! Human nature is the 
same through all the ages and the wailing and gnashing 
of teeth heard throughout Ohio today are but the envious 
cries of the unfaithful servants who were deprived of the 
talents entrusted to their keeping by the taxpayers of 
Ohio when ,they discovered that these unprofitable stewards 
were unworthy of public confidence. 


SHOW THIS TO EVERY VOTER. 


For Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, 

HUGH L. NICHOLS. 

For Judge of the Supreme Court, 

J. FOSTER WILKIN. 

For Judge of the Supreme Court, 

PHIL M. CROW. 

Get these names in your mind and place an X mark 
before each one on the non-partisan judicial ballot. 

Remember that the names do not appear in regular 
order but will alternate with other candidates, and order 
or rotation will change on every other ballot. 

Keep the names in mind. 




Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 59 


FRANTIC CROWD OF LOBBYISTS 
OPPOSE DEMOCRATIC LEADERS. 


DRIVEN FROM THE STATE HOUSE BY THE 
DRASTIC MEASURES OF THE ANTI-LOBBY 
LAW, THEY ARE RENDERED JOBLESS 
AND SET ABOUT FOR REVENGE. 


When Governor Cox Defeated the Disgraceful Horde 
In Their Onslaught on Legislative Halls, He 
Accomplished His Greatest Act. 


The one legislative act that stands out in the opera¬ 
tion of the Eightieth General Assembly was the passage 
of the anti-lobby law. 

This act stand out because it made possible the carry¬ 
ing into effect of the program demanded by the people. 

During the first working week of the legislative ses¬ 
sion of 1912, the Black anti-lobby bill was enacted for the 
purpose of cleansing the atmosphere in which the repre¬ 
sentatives of the people were to work . 

The passage of the law was an effectual notice that 
in Ohio it would be no longer possible to purchase the 
enactment or defeat of bills. Under a requirement of this 
law, the Secretary of State keeps in his office a lobbyists’ 
docket. In it are entered the names of all legislative 
agents, counsel employed to represent interests before the 
General Assembly, the names of the employers, together 
with the business or residence addresses of each class. 
The subject matter to which the employment relates must 
be set forth, and all who accept employment or spend 
money for or against pending legislation must file expense 
accounts. No one may appear before a legislative com¬ 
mittee in behalf of a measure unless he is invited or has 
registered. No one shall accept compensation dependant 
on the passage or defeat of a bill, or upon approval or 
veto by the State Executive. It was intended to make the 
transactions of the “third house” an open book to the 
people of Ohio, and to compel obedence, heavy fines and 
imprisonment were provided as penalties for violations, 

EFFECT OF THE LAW. 

The anti-lobby law was placed in force immediately. 
Under its operation much has been accomplished. The 
busiest session of legislature ever held in Ohio, carrying 
out all the demands of the people was completed, without 
even the suspicion of dishonest dealing or hint of scandal. 

The lobbyists were rendered harmless. Of course the 
law cut off a lot of fellows from their jobs. It elimim- 
inated their sources of income, and they immediately 
became opponents of the administration. Among these 
lobbyists were Democrats and Republicans. They were 





O') Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 

men of all parties and of no party. They were self- 
seeking leeches on the public, who themselves always 
managed to keep in the background, while those they 
tempted and seduced, lost fortunes, homes, and honor. 

It was not to be considered that the lobbyists, who 
lived as blood suckers on the big interests that desired 
legislation in their behalf, or the killing and blocking of 
measures inimical to them,—it could scarce be thought that 
they would pack their grips and go to another state. 
They attempted to hang on in Ohio, because Ohio is a 
good state in which to live and do business. But they 
did attempt to set about their work in another way. They 
secured the formation of associations, employed by certain 
big interests, to kill legislation by the use of fraudulent 
petitions in referendum. Then a protecting measure was 
thrown around the honest use of the initiative and 
referendum measures, and again the lobbyists were driven 
off. 

Now these same lobbyists are seeking, by hook or 
crook, to gain another hold. They have espoused the 
cause of the opponents of the Democratic administration. 
And the reason is not far to seek. The published list of 
campaign contributors to the fund for the nomination of 
the Republican candidate for Governor, shows the con¬ 
nection. Still another connection is seen in the Repub¬ 
lican platform plank, which would give these fellows a 
chance at the expenditure of' $3,500,000 of funds annually, 
by the elimination of the efficient state highway depart¬ 
ment. They would like to get the money into the hands 
of those over whom they could exert their malign influence. 
Not far removed from the same class of derelict officials 
and hangerson, who grew fat on private use of public- 
funds in the days of state treasury graft, these frantic 
lobbyists are seeking to gain another hold, for the greatest 
benefit to themselves, and the utmost of damage to the 
people. 

Governor Cox well knew that he would have to fight 
all the lobbyists and their coterie of followers when he 
demanded the passage of the anti-lobby law. But he went 
about the business of cleaning out the legislative halls in 
the same way as he has done every act of his administra¬ 
tion. He has fulfilled his pledge to the people, made 
when he said; “I will do my duty.” In keeping with the 
same idea he has fulfilled every promise made in the 
Democratic platform on which he was elected. He has 
carried out every demand made by the people. He has 
given an administration of honesty, efficiency, economy 
and humanity. 

Opposition always arises to every cause, no matter 
how right or how just it may be. But in Ohio, this year, 
the opposition is fostered and led by those whose purpose 
is ulterior. 

The Democratic party and its candidates stand on a 
platform of good deeds well done. The question to be 
answered is simply this: “Does it pay to keep the faith.” 


Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 61 


EX-GOVERNOR JAMES E. CAMPBELL. 


Chairman of the Democratic State Convention Held 
at Columbus on August 25, 1914, Praises the 
Administration of President Wilson and 
Governor Cox. 


Ex-Governor James K Campbell, temporary and 
permanent Chairman of the Democratic State Convention, 
August 25, 1914, delivered a rousing keynote speech in 
terms of greatest praise of the administration of President 
Woodrow Wilson, and of the progressive administration 
of the past two years in Ohio. He said: 

“We have entered upon a new departure and, for a 
time at least, the old-fashioned nominating convention is 
a thing of the past. To one of “The Old Guard” who, for 
more than forty years has attended Democratic conventions 
where ‘The Unterrified^ were noisily swaping votes for 
their favorite sons, this decorous assemblage seems almost 
too mild and lady-like for a Democratic meeting. How¬ 
ever, this is an age of growth and change, and the new 
way may turn out to be better than the old one. 

“This convention was created by public statute and 
its membership is prescribed by law; and, although you 
have no power to name candidates, your functions are of 
vital importance to the party and to the people. Some of 
you must conduct the campaign upon the platform here to 
be adopted; and others of you, if elected to your respective 
offices, will be charged with the duty either of embodying 
this platform into legislative form, or of executing such 
legislation when it shall have been enacted. Therefore 
you must carefully consider the declaration of principles 
which you are to submit to the electorate of the state, 
for the Democracy of Ohio, in the last two years, has set 
an example of fidehty to campaign pledges and pre-election 
promises the equal of which had never theretofore been 
known to American politics. The last state platform 
abounded with pledges, many of them new and some of 
them startling, yet it is our proud boast that every one 
of them was carried out to the very last letter. 

“The state and county tickets nominated at the recent 
primary are such as to cheer every Democratic heart and 
bring out every Democratic vote in November; but the 
foremost result of that primary was the endorsement of 
the present state administration at the head of which 
stands that wise constructive statesman Governor James 
M. Cox; for this man, aided and upheld by a general as¬ 
sembly of honest and capable Democrats, and by the co¬ 
operation of a corps of active and efficient state officers, 
elective and appointive, has achieved wonders in reform¬ 
ing laws and uplifting the institutions of this imperial 
commonwealth. Under our amended constitution, upon 




62 Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 

which many good men looked with doubt, new and drastic 
legislation has placed Ohio in the lead among those states 
which may be justly classed as sanely progressive. The 
transformation which has been wrought »has been so 
thorough, so rapid and so revolutionary, that some citizens 
of the state stand aghast and, by their frank amazement, 
furnish a high testimonial to these many and searching 
reforms. ' 

HUMANITY, JUSTICE AND INTEGRITY. 

‘The governor, who is a marvel of industry, persist¬ 
ence and courage, began by mustering under his banner 
the forces of humanity, morality, justice and integrity. 
First came the salutary combination into one well-managed 
Agricultural Commission, of the various bodies and boards 
which, in a somewhat conflicting and wasteful manner, 
were dealing wit hthat industry which lies at the founda¬ 
tion of all of our wealth and prosperity. When this re¬ 
form was proposed the farmers, who were not fully in¬ 
formed, were incited to revolt by their professional leaders. 
Thereupon the governor, in his bold and unique fashion, 
called a meeting of his antagonists, talked to them fact 
to face and explained his meritorious designs, whereupon 
the opposition disappeared forever. So it was with the 
new code of school laws which contained the most ap¬ 
proved features of the best scientific codes in existence 
and did away with the worn-out and archaic methods then 
in vogue; a great and hostile convention of teachers and 
sch'ool officials was held at which the governor undauntedly 
appeared and, in his aggressive manner, exposed the faults 
of the obsolete school system which he was seeking to 
modernize, and, as a result, the virulent abuse, showered 
upon him by the tax-eaters who were about to lose their 
jobs, was no longer of any avail. 

“The governor, being a“man of blood and iron,” had 
the pluck to tackle the liquor question—a proposition which 
has usually turned out to be a disappointment, or a 
boomerang, to such adventurous persons as have tried 
to settle it; but he, by tact and square dealing, secured the 
passage of an admirable license law which was enacted by 
the concurrence of all political parties and, wonderful to 
relate, had the approval both of “wets” and “drys”; and 
which, under its faithful and impartial execution, has 
proven to be a credit to the governor and the general 
assembly, and a benefit to the public. It has also developed 
that, with its initial administration, there came about auto¬ 
matically, for the first time in the history of this common¬ 
wealth, a complete enforcement of all liquor laws for the 
simple reason that any violation will result in the loss of 
license to the violator. 

SERVICE TO HOSTS OF LABOR. 

“To recite the long list of legislative and administra¬ 
tive reforms of the last two years would be a work of 


Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 63 

supererogation before an audience os intelligent as this; 
but it might not be amiss to briefly mention a few of the 
most important. Consider The Workmen’s Compensation 
Act; where is the man, woman or child in this great state 
who is not proud of the humanitarian governor and legis¬ 
lature who conferred upon labor this inestimable boon. 
Add to this the eighteen other laws recently passed for 
the benefit of the workmen of Ohio, and what becomes 
of the senseless socialistic cry that labor needs a better 
guardian than the Democratic party? 

“Turn your attention to the stringent act upon the 
subject of taxation which, added to laws along the same 
line enacted by the preceding Democratic legislature and 
governor, have enabled the present administration to add 
over fifteen hundred million dollars to the tax duplicate. 
These stupendous figures sufficiently account for the op¬ 
position which these laws have aroused; certain respect¬ 
able tax-dodgers have been compelled to disgorge, and 
it is but natural that they should whine about it. 

“What about the economies of the present administra¬ 
tion—the establishment of a budget commissioner with 
his business-like methods; and the consolidation, under 
efficient appointees, into an Industrial Commission of 
seven important boards and official bodies which had been 
unavoidably working at cross purposes and with resultant 
extravagance? What about the moralities of this ad¬ 
ministration—the extension to that most competent body, 
the Board of Administration, of authority to deal with 
juvenile delinquents whenever found, so as to redeem those 
who were morally delinquent and provide for the safety 
and comfort of those who were physically or mentally 
deficient; and of the employment by the same board of 
the hundreds of heretofore idle convicts in farming, road 
building, brick making and other wholesome and pro¬ 
ductive accupations, thereby attempting to save those who 
were capable of reformation? 

NATIONAL ISSUES CONCERNED. 

“The same primary which renominated Governor Cox 
also filled the entire state ticket with a complement of 
nominees every one of whom is a man of conceded ability, 
wide public experience and unblemished private character; 
and the same high enconium may justly be pronounced 
upon all of the candidates for the two houses of the 
general assembly who, at the same time were nominated 
in their respective counties and districts. In addition to 
our state officers we have, for the first time, nominated a 
candidate for United States senator in the person of that 
gifted lawyer who so capably and cleanly, through four 
astonishingly successful years, has filled the office of at¬ 
torney general and who, by sheer industry, rugged integrity 
and native ability, has risen to his present honorable and 
enviable position. It is superfluous to name him for 


64 Ohio Democratic ^I^ampaign Text-Book, 1914. 

everybody knows and loves thilt genial Democrat, Timothy 
S. Hogan; and it is no disparag^ement to his two able 
competitors to say that no better nomination could have 
been made. 

“The election of a senator and twenty-two represen¬ 
tatives in congress is a reminder that we are engaged in a 
battle on national issues. Six years ago the Republican 
party polled over seven and one-half million votes upon 
the solemn promise to revise an unfair and burdensome 
tariff which had become obnoxious to almost the entire 
electorate of the country. While this promise did not 
say, in specific words, that the revision should be down¬ 
ward, the campaign was made upon the unanimous belief 
of the people that such would be the case; although the 
Republican party had already revised the tariff thirteen 
times and in every instance the revision was upward. 
Under the leadership of Sereno E. Payne and Nelson W, 
Aldrich they again revised it upward with full knowledge 
that they had intentionally cheated the people in their 
pre-election promise—even the wool schedule, which Pres¬ 
ident Taft had denounced as “indefensible," was not re¬ 
duced. To get even with these deceivers the people had to 
wait until 1912; but, when the Grand Old Party emerged 
from that wreck, it was floating on two narrow rotten 
planks—one thrown to it by the debauched electors of 
Mormon Utah, and the other by the hopelessly bigoted 
electors of Vermont. 

“The triumphant Democracy had also made certain 
pre-election pledges which it proceeded at once to redeem. 
The phenomenal statesman whom it had elected to the 
presidency had said before his election that “there should 
be an immediate revision of the tariff, and it should be 
downward, unhesitatingly downward." After his election 
this redeemer of promises said, in his inaugural address, 
that “w'e’represent the desire to set up an unentangled gov- 
enment, a government that cannot be used for private pur¬ 
poses cither in the field of business or the field of politics; 
a government that will not tolerate the use of the organiza¬ 
tion of a great party to serve the personal aims and ambi¬ 
tions of any individual; and that will not permit legisla¬ 
tion to be employed to further private interests.” He pro¬ 
ceeded to make his words good and, by the aid of a Demo¬ 
cratic congress, a tariff was enacted which, for the first 
time since the Republican party came into power, was 
passed without the intervention of a corrupt and selfish 
lobby and without intimidation or bribery, open and direct, 
or secret and implied—for the first time in half a century 
a tariff law was enacted for the purpose of raising revenue 
to administer the government without burdening the poor 
to enrich overgrown greed. Senator James, of Kentucky, 
cogently and truthfully characterixed this new legislation 
as “a bill to raise revenue, not to raise millionaires; a 
bill to support the government, not to improverish the 
people.” Time to demonstrate the results of this tariff 


Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 65 


has not elapsed, and world-wide financial chaos yet longer 
postponed that demonstration; but it is safe to predict, and 
it is predicted now and here, that the Underwood Tariff, 
in due time, will prove to be the most salutary law ever 
enacted by the congress of the United States, and it will 
remove greater burdens from poverty, from labor, from 
the farmer and other producers, than any law upon the 
statute book. 

“Another great promise was kept by the national 
Democracy, and another vicious monopoly was uprooted, 
when the money trust heard its death knell rung in the 
passage of a most revolutionary currency bill. This legis¬ 
lation was fought by many leading bankers, and by them 
denounced as ruinous to the country; but they promptly 
availed themselves of its privileges and thereby acknowl¬ 
edged that the law was a just one. For many years Wall 
Street has held the people not only in economic and 
industrial slavery, but in actual political slavery. Imagine 
the condition the country would be in now if a few ruthless 
money grabbers could take advantage of this awful finan¬ 
cial crisis, and squeeze the life-blood out of honest busi¬ 
ness as they have so often done before. A law which 
furnishes an elastic currency and an open discount market, 
and which has compelled “Big Business," to submit to 
public opinion, can justly be characterized as one of the 
greatest pieces of constructive legislation ever enacted. 

“By virture of a statute, passed within a few days by 
a Democratic congress, the wide oceans of the world are 
reopened to American enterprise. When in 1861 our 
hardy sailors carried eighty-six percent of our commerce 
in American ships. They had done this ever since the 
war of 1812 where they had covered themselves with glory 
by driving the mercantile flag of Great Britain from off 
of the high seas. Under Republican rule, however, local" 
ship-building interests, which were great factors in passing 
high protective tariffs, procured legislation which pro¬ 
hibited a citizen of this country from buying, or building, 
a ship in a foreign country and sailing it under protection 
of the Stars and Stripes. In consequence of this law the 
American flag has disappeared from foreign waters except 
as it floats over a man-of-war or some rich man's private 
yacht. Now all that will be changed and the glorious 
ensign of the Great Republic will once more resume its 
rightful place in the lead of all other flags upon the face 
of the earth. 

PRAISE FOR PRESIDENT WILSON. 

“And to whom do the American people primarily owe 
these pieces of constructive legislation—the reform of a 
vicious tariff, the revolution of the currency and the return 
of our flag to the seas? For these wise laws, under the 
grace of God and by the aid of a Democratic congress, we 
are indebted to the ablest and most unselfish president 


66 Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 

since the martyred President Lincoln—to a man who, 
when we nominated him, was sneeringly referred to as a 
“mere schoolmaster.” Yes, he is a “school-master;” and 
it were better for the great nations of the world, in this 
cataclysm of war and welter of blood, if every statesman 
in all of their chancellories had sat at the feet of a school¬ 
master like ours. Woodrow Wilson, today through the 
great results he has achieved and by his purity of purpose 
and nobility of soul, is the most conspicious figure in the 
world—the calmest, the most sagacious, the best poised 
and most highly admired. He is something more than that 
for, bent in health and spirits by his overwhelming load 
of public burden and private griefs, he is the most pathetic 
figure on earth; and yet there is one American so lost 
to shame, one insolent bully so eaten up with his own 
egotism that he has swaggered through New England en¬ 
gaged, to use his own language, “in hammering the pres¬ 
ident.” If you wish to appreciate Woodrow Wilson, con¬ 
template the jeopardy we would now be in if a certain 
self-seeking meddler were in the presidential chair. 

“Both President Wilson and Governor Cox, in times 
gone by, have been unjustly assailed because of their domi¬ 
nating influence in legislation. The opprobrious epithet of 
“Boss” has even been applied to them; but he, who care¬ 
fully scrutinizes their official acts, will find that both of 
them have set up lofty moral and political standards which 
have exalted their party; and that the leadership, which 
they exercise so successfully, is that of trained minds en¬ 
forced by absolute sincerity and unquestioned honesty of 
purpose. This is the noblest form of leadership and every 
Democrat ought to be proud to follow it.” 


SHOW THIS TO EVERY VOTER. 


For Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, 

HUGH L. NICHOLS.. 

For Judge of the Supreme Court, 

J. FOSTER WILKIN. 

For Judge of the Supreme Court, 

PHIL M. CROW. 

Get these names in your mind and place an X mark 
before each one on the non-partisan judicial ballot. 

Remember that the names do not appear in regular 
order but will alternate with other candidates, and order 
or rotation will change on every other ballot. 

Keep the names in mind. 




Ohio. Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 


67 


GOVERNOR COX EULOGIZES PRESI¬ 
DENT WILSON. 


RECOMMENDS TIMOTHY HOGAN FOR UNITED 
STATES SENATOR AND EXPLAINS THE PRO¬ 
GRAM THAT HAS PLACED OHIO IN LEAD 
OF ALL PROGRESSIVE STATES. 


With Every Promise Kept by Democrats and Every 
Pledge Fulfilled, the Executive Cites the Re¬ 
actionary Cause as One of Hypocrisy. 


Before the platform convention held in Columbus, 
August 25, Governor James M. Cox, offered warm praise 
for President Woodrow Wilson and the national admin¬ 
istration. He recommended that Ohio should uphold the 
president by sending to the United States Senate, as the 
junior member and colleague of the Honorable Atlee 
Pomerene, Timothy S. Hogan. 

The Governor dealt with the policies of the past two 
years under his administration in certain terms. He showed 
how every act had been one of progress, demanded by the 
people, and pointed to Ohio as now the leader of ^all pro¬ 
gressive states. He closed with a ringing challenge to the 
opposition. Governor Cox said: 

“I join with the delegates of this convention in the 
felicitious thought that in our representative capacities we 
are serving a great political party at a time when it has 
just completed in the State and nation a distinct contribu¬ 
tion to the progress of the age. At no time has the Demo¬ 
cracy been better enabled to return to the people with an 
accounting of its stewardship, with the consciousness that 
promises given have been kept in absolute good faith. 

THE NATIONAL ADMINISTRATION. 

*‘The national administration, under leadership con- 
spicious for its statesmanlike analysis of conditions, and 
its courageous correction of governmental ills and inequali¬ 
ties, takes rank with the great constructive regimes of our 
history. Whether in finance or diplomacy, there are ex¬ 
hibited the same elements of poise, fair dealing and far¬ 
sightedness that have yielded so much to the glory of the 
nation and the happiness of our people. It is doubtful 
whether there has ever been so keen an appreciation of 
the blessings of American citizenship, and this thought, 
based primarily upon the obvious advantage of our 
glorious insolation and geographic removal from the war 
tossed continent of Europe, has been emphasized by the 
results of a diplomacy that measures up in dignity and 
harmony with the pioneer doctrine of Washington with 





68 Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 

respect to our relation with other nations. Living in 
absolute peace with every country, our God-given advan¬ 
tages stand out in marked contrast with the unhappy 
plight of millions of people across the seas. There, the 
boundary lines of sovereign are marked by a dark scrowl 
of hate—there, the genius of the age is supplied to the 
awful purpose of human destruction—there, homes are 
desolated and generations must come and go before the 
heartaches of war disappear. And yet our escape from 
the same unhappy conditions abroad is so recent as to 
lodge in the public mind a full realization of what might 
have been, and inspire at the same time a nation’s gratitude 
for services rendered by the most commanding figure at 
this time in all the world—the man all nations trust—our 
great President—Woodrow Wilson. It behooves our peo¬ 
ple, in common appreciation of his labors in their behalf 
to select as the junior Senator from the State a man 
committed to his policies,* our candidate, Mr. Hogan. He 
is known by his works, and his service as Attorney Gen¬ 
eral of the State has been so conspicuous for ability and 
devotion to duty as to bespeak a brilliant career in the 
Senate with the present member of the upper House, Hon. 
Atlee Pomerene, whose fidelity to the President has 
buttressed him in the confidence and gratitude of our 
cititzens. 

RESPONSIBILITY GREAT. 

“In state affairs, it is conceded generally that a great 
responsibility was cast upon our party two years ago, when 
changes in the constitution carried the positive command 
to the legislature to pass certain specified laws intended to 
provide for the social and industrial changes that have 
occurred since 1851 when the preceding Constitutional 
Convention was held in Ohio. That the mandates issued 
by the people have been respected is not denied. If the 
laws passed in consequence of the enlarged legislative 
authority are not helpful to the general interests of the 
state, we await with eager curiosity to see which ones the 
opposition will recommend in the coming campaign for 
repeal. 

OHIO NOW LEADS PROGRESSIVE STATES. 

“An attempt has been made to create the public belief 
that the legislative program carried out under Democratic 
auspices was, in considerable degree at least, the result of 
some kind of reform obsession on the part of the leaders, 
legislative and otherwise, of our party. The truth is so 
obvious, however, that it is necessary only to remind our 
critics that the legislative enactments were, for the most 
part, designed to provide for the new order of things 
socially and industrially, and the work in its large scope 
was due to the fact that the legislature was without the 
constitutional right, prior to 1912, to deal with the several 
subject matters. In short, the Democracy faced the task 


Ohjo Dmmocratic CampaigxV Text-Book, 19H. 69 

of providing for the legislative necessities accruing during 
a lapse of almost seventy years. For twenty years many 
laws that had been passed to meet evolutionary changes 
had been declared constitutionally infirm because under the 
old charter the right did not inhere in the legislature to 
make such enactments. So that the progressive and 
humanitarian laws recently passed were written in the 
hearts of the people long before the constitutional grant 
was extended to the legislature. The standpat policy of 
the opposition, so long and so persistently maintained, 
had brought a mental attitude concretely set against any 
departure from the path of old, and its vision was so 
clouded both by fetich and obsession, that it was either 
unmindful of conditions that made government a burden 
rather than a help to the people, or it had profited so long 
by campaign contributions from the interests that enjoyed 
unfair and special privileges, that the welfare of the party 
was regarded as the surest guarantee of the prosperity and 
happiness of the state. Ohio now leads all progressive 
states, and students of political economy concede that 
her new laws bring the commonwealth to a plane approach¬ 
ing a real democracy, under which government is not 
only a genuine agency for the promotion of the general 
welfare, but it is placed completely and absolutely in the 
hands of the people, 

SOMETHING WORTH WHILE. 

“No one up to this time had made any impression on 
the thought of the state, contending against the wishes of 
recent enactments, and when we reflect upon the wide¬ 
spread blessings that have come about, it is difficult to 
restrain a feeling akin to bitterness over the standpat 
policies which so long denied them to the state. Proud 
of her achievements and mindful of the well-balanced 
program of legislative relief, the Democracy faces the bat¬ 
tle of 1914 with a militancy that will soon reveal the feeble¬ 
ness of its opposition. Instead of the dockets of the courts 
being congested in industrial centers with personal injury 
suits, legal action growing out of accidents to workmen 
are now a rare thing indeed. The vast economic waste of 
legal procedure and disputation between liability insurance 
companies and injured mechanics is at an end. To the 
mills march daily hundreds of thousands of operatives 
with a contentment they never knew before, A tragedy in 
the shops now means instant relief instead of a law suit. 
The hospital are available for the injured without cost 
to them, skilled medical survices is guaranteed without 
financial burden to them, and if tragedy results there is 
positive assurance of relief for the dependent families,— 
all of this under the auspices of government Can any 
student of events fail to measure the increased reverence 
which this breeds for the institutions of a republic. Can 
anyone deny that it will be more potential in allaying un¬ 
rest in the minds of the masses than all other social gov- 


7u Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914, 

er’nmental factors combined? And with this boon to the 
industrial classes, we observe the rather anomalous develop¬ 
ment of a decreased and constantly diminishing cost to 
the manufacturer. The compensation to the injured and 
families of those whose lives are offered up in the great 
industrial struggle of the day, is thirty percent more than 
in any other American state or foreign dominion, while 
the cost to the employer is only from one-third to one- 
half what it is elsewhere. This demonstrates clearly that 
the Workmen’s Compensation Law is not only advan¬ 
tageous to the workmen, but to his employer as well, and 
it offers positive proof that society, so-called, has always 
been contributing enough to make possible the relief now 
afforded, but the beneficiaries have been the liability in¬ 
surance companies. For forty years the standpat Repub¬ 
lican party has been preaching protection to the American 
workmen and the home. In less than two years the Demo- 
cracry of our state has done more for the laborer through 
the Compensation Law, and more for the home through 
the Mother’s Pension Act, than the opposition party has 
contributed in the whole of its existence. 

“A policy of artful dissimulation with respect to the 
liquor question so long deplored by thinking people, has 
been changed by the Democracy to the concrete, effective 
and wisely approved plan of genuine regulation of this 
business. The dignity of law has been established, and 
the Liquor Licensing Act stands out as the earnest tem¬ 
perance measure in the state’s history. That the people in 
voting this into the Constitution acted with a full under¬ 
standing of the ills of the past and the necessities of the 
future, is demonstrated by the complete transformation 
in conditions which came as though by magic the day the 
law became operative. Whatever regulatory measures the 
community or state may adopt or retain are certain of 
enforcement because the liquor license is possessed only 
by those who respect the laws. 

FOR COUNTRY AND CITY. 

“Not only have the complex problems of the great cities 
received attention, but as proof that the evolutionary period 
through which we are passing brings better conditions in 
life to every section, urban or rural, we see revealed 
changes of mighty moment in the country. Not in years 
has so much consideration been given to agricultural 
classes, this policy springing from a realization that the 
future development of the state depends in large part upon 
the most scientific and modern of governmental co-opera¬ 
tion with those who produce our food necessities. In 
fact, the most conspicuous phase of our whole program of 
legislative progress seems to be its freedom from a pro¬ 
vincial spirit—it reflects the very essence of co-operation 
as between the elements in city and country life so much 
dependent upon each other. That fifty-one Ohio counties 


Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 71 

have less population than they had thirty years ago is a 
circuinstance that can profitably excite alarm, and it must 
be something more than a coincidence that in every instance 
it is the rural county that shows the loss. 

EDUCATIONAL SERVICE RENDERED. 

“The cost of education per pupil in the country is 
greater than in the cities, and in most cases the facilities 
are more inefficient. The little red brick school house, 
so long a temple to, and a useful unit to civilization, must 
claim our careful and helpful consideration. Where the 
attendance justifies, it should be maintained, but when the 
average of pupils falls to six and eight and ten, then both 
vast economic waste and inefficiency are inevitable. Better 
roads solve the problem of transportation, and consolida¬ 
tion seems to be but a logical development. Wherever it 
has been adopted the average attendance has increased 
amazingly, and there have been afforded both high school 
advantages in the country and the tremendous blessings of 
a community center. In no activity in life is the element of 
success present unless a systematic supervision is adopted, 
and the plan of placing a supervisor over every forty 
teachers in rural schools will yield results which will in 
the fullest measure justify the new school code. Since 
the state pays one-half the cost of supervision, the expense 
to the counties in practically every instance is diminished. 
Our universities, conducted at public expense, have not 
been of such use to the rural communities as they should 
be. The abolition of the Boxwell examinations and the 
restored meaning of a rural school diploma are striking 
features of the new plan. In the future any pupil in the 
country who wins a diploma in the township high school 
enters, without examination or tuition cost, into the state 
universities if it is his wish. This automatically elevates 
the rural school to a most distinct agency in the rehabilita¬ 
tion of country life. 

FOR GOOD ROADS. 

“In road improvement this stands out conspicuous 
nozv above all other states, and the construction of rural 
transportation facilities will give such spur to closer 
trade and community relation between the country and 
city as to aid gloriously to the development of the com¬ 
monwealth. 

PRISON REFORM. 

“Our prison system claims the praise of experts in 
every state. In our juvenile reformatories useful trades 
are being taught. In the prisons industries afford employ¬ 
ment, and night schools create a normal and educational 
awakening. The spirit of these institutions has been 
completely transformed, and the improved behavior on 
the part of those confined shows that when government 


72 Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 

lends itself humanely to the re-routing of a human derelict 
the result is but the natural outgrowth of kindness. State 
and county institutions in buying supplies from these prison 
industries afford the prisoner the opportunity of turning 
his labors into profit, not only to the state by the removed 
cost of maintenance, but to his family as well. The work¬ 
ing of the state’s changes in prisons and asylums, on the 
farms, has resulted in impressive economies to the public 
and a distinct physical and moral betterment to those now 
occupied in useful labors, 

SOLVING THE TAX PROBLEM. 

'‘The results of the new taxation laws have been so 
definite, both with respect to the listing of intangible prop¬ 
erty that has been escaping the assessors, and the reduc¬ 
tion in the rate to the individual owner of property, that 
the opposition no longer attempts to discuss this question 
on its merits. That lands and buildings have not, generally 
speaking, been increased in valuation—and the general 
duplicate of the state has grown almost one million dollars 
—is such indisputable evidence that the great masses— 
particularly those whose property is in sight— have been 
paying the share of public expense belonging in all justice 
to someone else, that the taxation policies of old reflect 
more than a mere neglect of duty. In short, they have 
so gn*eatly trespassed on the moral code as to render any 
suggestion of a return to the reprehensible practice shock¬ 
ing to the public sense of right. 

A CHALLENGE TO REACTIONARIES. 

“In the face of these laws, and others equally just, 
which the people would not think of repealing, what is 
the predicament of the opposition? 

“With business interests adjusted to the new order 
and with labor marching to its task with a happiness 
previously unknown; with the country districts already 
taking on new life, with what method of sophistry, with 
what school of political strategy must the standpat forces 
in Ohio approach the Democratic bulwarks? 

“With not a single act of dishonesty, with not an 
instance of official graft, dare they make the battle on 
the battle on the question of plain integrity? 

“With every promise kept and the relation between 
cititzen and government raised to the homely honesty 
that prevails in business and private transactions, can they 
draw a contrast with their unbroken record of fifty years 
of broken promises. If they ever kept in common integrity 
the pledges contained in a single platform adopted since 
the Civil War, we challenge them to point out the time and 
the circumstance. 

“What a said commentary on a once great political 
party that in its extremity it defames the memory and 
name of McKinley by avowing that his policy of taxation 


Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1014. 78 

was an act born of treason to the people ami a trespass 
on their rights as citizens. 

“That the Republican leaders are so reduced in fol¬ 
lowers is not surprising since they are equally im¬ 
poverished in those constructive qualities in government 
that ordinarily inspire a militant support. Never in its 
history have the leaders of the opposition party faced 
the gauge of battle, so depleted in issues and so lacking 
in discipline and numbers as now. 

ROUTING REPUBLICAN HYPROCISY. 

“Summed up in few words, the Republican leaders 
have reduced their cause to a plain ranting hypocrisy 
and their methods are neither calculated to appeal to 
public reason or favor. 

“We find the standpat candidate for Governor, in¬ 
troducing as an issue, the bitterness of Civil War times. 
When our grief stricken President was about to embark 
on the saddest pilgrimage of his^ whole life and return 
to the scenes of his early romance, this candidate for 
the highest office in the gift of Ohioans, impugned the 
loyalty of the Southern people and charged that the 
President was turning the government over to them. 
Every man living under our flag in the supreme test is 
a loyal American, whether he be a Northern soldier or 
the son of a Northern soldier, a Southern soldier or 
the son of a Southern soldier. The men who fought 
that great contest have forgotten and forgiven. A year 
ago they met at Gettysburg in a reunion of the Blue 
and the Gray. The Grand Army, as an organization, has 
met with the Army of the Confederacy. These old 
heroes waiting at the sunset of life for the bugle call 
from beyond, are without a thought of bitterness, and 
every heart throb north and south is for the flag. At 
this hour when the world is at war and we at peace it 
illy becomes any man—and particularly a member of the 
younger generation—to attempt to stir up hate between 
Americans, and for the ignoble purpose of catching a 
few votes. 

. WHAT DO THEY OFFER. 

“The standpatters declaim against the commission 
form of government without offering a word as to what 
they would substitute for it While not denying that 
there was glaring neglect of duty in the communities 
with respect to both the liquor and tax laws, they sneer 
at the effective plan of placing the authority where it 
will be exercised for the public good. 

PRETENSE, HOLLOW AND TRANSPARENT. 

“Adhering for years to the practice of executive ap¬ 
pointment of election officers, municipal officials, and 
even the police departments of cities, they have now in 


74 Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 

their last extremity thrown up earthworks and raised the 
flag of home rule. In the summer of 1912, when the 
adoption of the new constitution was the issue, and the 
sole issue at the special election in September, where 
were the friends of Home Rule then? Was the voice of 
the distinguished standpat candidate for Governor raised 
in its behalf when Home Rule was one of the most im¬ 
portant amendments presented for ratification? The late 
preachment is a pretense too hollow and transparent for 
an intelligent electorate. In this connection it is well 
worth noting that during the present summer, while the 
standpat candidate for United States Senator was de¬ 
livering lectures in Ohio on Alexander Hamilton and 
centralization, his associate* as a candidate for Governor, 
was praising Thomas Jefferson and his school of thought. 
That single circumstance reveals the whole line of battle, 
infantry, cavalry, and artillery, that we are to face,— 
a mere mass of pretense and hypocrisy. 

DEMOCRACY PROMISES LEGISLATIVE REST. 

“The Democracy, after lending its efforts to carry 
out'the changes outlined in the new Constitution, now 
presents as its policy an era of legislative rest in our 
Commonwealth. 

“The opposition is therefore compelled to accept or 
oppose that plan. If it subscribes to it then it implies 
its acquiescence in the wisdom of the new laws. If it 
means to disturb these measures then it favors two years 
more of legislative activity. 

“The Democracy, in good faith, has carried out the 
will of the people. In the administration^ of the new 
statutes, no one has dared to charge corruption or irreg¬ 
ularity. . If the laws are rooted in both justice and logic, 
they deserve to be tested by their friends—not their 
enemies. 

“With every confidence in the intelligence and fair- 
mindedness of our people, I enter this great battle as 
your leader without a word of defense and with an 
absolute conviction that our cause will triumph because 
it is right.” 




Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 75 


DEMOCRACY WILL BE VICTORIOUS 
ASSERTS HOGAN. 


NOMINEE FOR UNITED STATES SENATOR DE¬ 
CLARES WILSON’S POLICIES HAVE BEEN 
ENTIRELY VINDICATED. 


Support of Federal Workmen’s Compensation Act 
Pledged.—Opponents Challenged 
to Produce Objections. 


“Gentlemen of the Convention :— 

“Permit me, to acknowledge my great indebtedness to 
the Democracy of Ohio for the honor of four nomina¬ 
tions—three times as a candidate for attorney general, 
and now its nominee by the direct vote of the members 
of the party for the United Sates senate. I feel sensible 
of the great responsibility of the present nomination and 
still more fully aware of the high responsibility that will 
rest upon me when I take my seat in the United States 
senate, March 4th, next. 

The Democracy of Ohio mean to win in the coming 
contest. Conscious that in state and in nation they have 
fulfilled their promises and pledges to the people, they 
confidently believe that the people will give approval at 
the November election. 

“If I am elected to the United States senate, as 1 
fully expect to be, I shall support the policy of Woodrow 
Wilson. Those who believe in President Wilson and what 
he and the administration at Washington have done will 
vote for me for the United States senate. Those who 
are opposed to President Wilson and to his unrivalled 
achievements will vote for one of my opponents. In this 
race for the United States senate there is one Democratic 
candidate and there are two Republican candidates, be¬ 
cause, after all, a Progressive is a Republican who be¬ 
lieves that the old Republican party long ago ceased to 
be the party of Lincoln and the Founders. 

“Mr. Garford and his numerous followers left the 
Republican party because it ceased years ago to represent 
the masses of the people,—because its entire course, both 
of legislation and of administration, was in the interests 
of the privileged classes,—and judging from the sources 
from which the Republican candidates before the recent 
primaries received their sinews of war, that party, if 
entrusted to power, means to do in the future just what 
it has done in the past. 





76 Ohio Democratic Campaign I'ext-Hook. 1914. 

POLICIES VINDICATED. 

“A few months ago some of our Republican brethren 
were disposed to criticise the foreign policy of President 
Wilson, but a little time only was needed to vindicate the 
wisdom of the national administration. As you travel 
about the state on every hand you hear words of com¬ 
mendation for the president’s foreign policy. While the 
streams of Europe are stained with human blood, while 
the kingdoms of that continent are warring with each 
other, while two vast armies with a million men on either 
side are face to face today on the plains of Waterloo, 
the American nations are enjoying the blessings of peace, 
and the United States establishing healthy commercial 
and business relations with South American countries. 1 
herald the assertion that down in the bottom of his heart, 
every citizen of this country, regardless of his political 
belief, thanks God today that the chief executive of this 
nation is Woodrow Wilson. 

“While all Europe is in dismay and in distress, and 
the gates of promise and of hope closed, all America is 
in a state of contentment, happiness and prosperity. God 
loves this country and her people, and has always sent 
us the man for the hour, and that never was better ex¬ 
emplified than at the present time. In my judgment, it 
is not only the privilege but the patriotic duty of every 
good Ohioan to sustain the president at the November 
election. By your vote you will say whether his hand 
is to be sustained and whether his policy of protection 
to American homes, American comfort, and American 
peace is not to be preferred to that so-called protection 
which we get from high tariff. 

INCOME TAX LAW. 

“The domestic policy of the administration has been 
equally wise, sound and patriotic. It has demonstrated 
that this government is for the favor of all,—not for the 
benefit of the few. 

“Senator Root, in his address before the Republican 
convention at New York a few days ago, complained that 
the national administration had discriminated against New 
York in the currency law, the income tax law and in the 
tariff law. These laws are of uniform operation through¬ 
out the country, and the discrimination referred to put 
in another form, means simply the deprivation of privilege. 
It is refreshing to note that the squeal against the 
national administration came loudest from New York. 
The average voter in Ohio does not need much further 
proof that the legislation at Washington is at last right¬ 
eous. 

“The income tax law has come to stay. It has'come 
despite the efforts of those whom Senator Root repre¬ 
sents. The currency bill has come to stay. It should 



Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 77 

have come a quarter of a century ago, and it would have 
come had not legislation been in the control of those 
who were not doing their fair share to maintain the bur¬ 
dens of the government It would have come had not 
legislation been controlled. The tariff bill has been revised 
downward. This was promised by the Taft administra¬ 
tion, and the promise was broken. It was promised by 
the Democracy at Baltimore, and the promise has been 
fulfilled, and this new order of things in respect to tariff 
has come to stay. The American people have made up 
their minds that high protection is nothing more nor less 
than the employment of the use of machinery of govern¬ 
ment'to favor those who have at the expense of those 
who have not.” 

“If the Republican party meant to protect American 
labor, why have they not placed some statutes on the 
books at Washington and at Columbus for the protection 
of the life, the health and the safety of those who toil? 
It was left to a Democratic administration in Ohio to do 
this. It was a Democratic administration that had the 
courage to do this, and the forces that are now behind 
our political enemies in this commonwealth are the same 
forces that tried to strangle the Workmen’s Compensation 
law after it was adopted by the vote of every member of 
the general assembly—the same forces that tried by 
fraudulent methods to accomplish this, and the laboring 
men of Ohio may well take notice that if the Republicans 
should carry the legislature and elect a governor, these 
forces which have been hostile to the Workmen's Com¬ 
pensation law will demand and receive consideration. It 
requires some courage for our political enemies in Ohio 
who had complete possession of the state government so 
long and who left the widows and the orphans to fight 
through the slow process of the courts for such pittances 
as came to them at the end of the litigation, to lay claim 
to friendship for the toiling masses. ‘By their deeds ye 
shall know them.’ 

FRIEND OF LABOR. 

“If I am elected to the United States senate I shall 
do all within my power to see enacted a federal work¬ 
men’s compensation law, to the end that employes of cor¬ 
porations engaged in inter-state commerce may receive the 
same protection that employes engaged in intra-state com¬ 
merce receive. If the workmen’s compensation law be 
a good thing for the state it is a good thing for the nation. 
What do my distinguished opponents have to say on this 
subject. Are they in favor of a national compensation 
law? It is for them to say. 

“I am in favor of maintaining an American merchant 
marine, but let the ships be purchased by American capital, 
let the ships be owned by Americans or by the govern¬ 
ment of the United States. Our political enemies have 
had control of the national government long enough to 



78 Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 

have caused to be established a merchant marine and after 
all these years of opportunity they come now to favor 
subsidies, taking the money from the treasury of the 
United States, giving it to private concerns and to private 
corporations. If it be necessary to go to the treasury for 
funds for a marine, let the federal government buy these 
ships and own them and operate them. 

SQUARE DEAL GIVEN. 

“The Democracy of Ohio are entitled to a continuation 
of power. They have given to the people a clean state 
government, they have placed honesty at a premium, they 
have given to law-enforcement a real meaning, they have 
made the government serve the people. It is said that 
one of the Republican administrations some years back 
cost the state but six millions of dollars. Measured by 
achievement and benefit, it was exceedingly dear at that. 
United States senatorships in thaf day were sometimes 
bought and sold, now the people elect; lobbyists ran the 
general assembly, now no one questions the fact that legis¬ 
lation is the result of honest effort; election laws were 
disregarded, now they are enforced; public moneys were 
let out to the favored few, now they go to .the highest 
bidder; the findings of the bureau of inspection and super¬ 
vision of public accounting were pigeon-holed, now they 
are enforced; those who had much let those who had less 
bear the burdens of the state government. Under a Demo¬ 
cratic administration the public experts and gets a ‘square 
deal.’ 

“The people of this state are everlastingly indebted to 
Governors Harmon and Cox for putting Ohio in the front 
rank of states with a clean, honest government. Not a 
single charge of maladministration has been made or can 
be made against either of these two unrivalled adminis¬ 
trations. For splendid service, the people of this state 
re-elected Governor Harmon, and for continued splendid 
service the people of this state mean to re-elect Gover¬ 
nor James M. Cox, under whose administration the state 
has prospered as never before in its history. In the im¬ 
provement of her highways, her schools, her farms and 
her homes, Ohio has advanced in the past two years more 
than any other state in the union. There is no turning 
backward. Let us keep our eyes on the rising sun. 
shoulder to shoulder, onward march and the government 
of this state will be retained in the hands of that great 
party that has been entrusted with the confidence of the 
people of Ohio for the past five years because it has 
governed well and governed honestly.” 



Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 79 


SENATOR POMERENE SPEAKS IN 
TERMS OF PRAISE. 


ENTREATS THE VOTERS IN EVERY EFFORT PUT 
FORTH TO UPHOLD THE POLICIES OF PRES¬ 
IDENT WILSON AND URGES THE RE- 
ELECTION OF GOVERNOR COX. 


Declares that Democracy has Fought a Good Fight and 
Has Kept the Faith, Pointing to the Enviable 
Record of State and National Deeds. 

\ 

Mr. Chairman, member of the Democratic Convention, 
ladies and gentlemen: 

I am glad to be here. I am playing “hookey” today, 
I left my post of duty at Washington in order that I 
might come here and aid by my presence, if possible, the 
cause of Democracy. Our Democratic leader advised me 
that I ought not to come, that my presence was needed 
in the Senate to maintain a quorum. I replied that I had 
been in attendance continuously for so many months that 
I was going to take one day off in order that I might be 
able to meet my fellow Democrats in Ohio, and gain 
thereby renewed inspiration for the great work in which 
we are engaged. 

I am glad to meet here today the distinguished Chair¬ 
man of this Convention, Honorable James E, Campbell, 
whom we all delight to honor and who grows younger 
with each passing year. I am glad to meet here my 
friend, Hon. E. W. Hanley, who for so many years 
has rendered the party valiant service as Chairman of 
the Democratic State Central Committee. I am glad to 
meet each and every one of you who, as delegates to this 
Convention, represent the hosts of the militant Democracy 
of Ohio, 

In four consecutive campaigns we have elected our 
Governor. Six years ago we elected a Governor and State 
Treasurer, Four years ago we elected the entire state 
ticket and a majority in both branches of the General 
Assembly. Two years ago we again elected the entire 
state ticket and a majority in both branches of the General 
Assembly. For many years we were wont to look upon 
Ohio as the Gibraltar of Republicanism. We did not lose 
courage. We fought the battles of the people. This great 
State, which was once.so formidably Republican, must be 
permanently Democratic, and no stone must be left 
unturned to bring about that end. Democracy during the 
four last Democratic administrations has accomplished 
more for the cause of the people than the Republicans in 
the entire history of their control of this State. I am 





80 Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 

willing to weigh the results of the two years of Demo¬ 
cratic administration under Governor Campbell, the four 
years of Democratic administration under Governor Har¬ 
mon, and the almost two years of accomplishments under 
Governor Cox, against the achievements of any four Re¬ 
publican administrations to which our adversaries dare 
point, or, in the sphere of national administration, I am 
willing to weigh the seventeen months of Woodrow Wil¬ 
son against a like period of any Republican administration 
since the war. 

PLEDGES REDEEMED. 

Two years ago the Democracy of Ohio at Toledo 
pledged the state ticket and general assembly to certain 
well-defined reforms. The promises then made to the 
people have been redeemed. The pledges of our platform 
have been written upon the statute books. Democracy 
has fought a good fight and kept the faith. We are here 
today to say to the people of Ohio not only what we in¬ 
tend to do, but to point to the things already done and to 
ask who desires to undo them? I am not here to say that 
all of the things which have been done under the splendid 
leadership of Governor Cox, or by his assistants in the 
State House, or by the General Assembly, are free from 
defects. I am here to subscribe to the fundamental prin¬ 
ciples incorporated in the legislation which has been 
adopted. If there are mistakes in the details of this legis¬ 
lation, let them be corrected by the friends who have in¬ 
augurated these reforms, not by their enemies. 

Democracy in the past two years has taken many steps 
forward. If, unfortunately, she has changed the order of 
things so as to interfere with the special privileges which 
a few may have enjoyed, our defense is that Democracy 
hates privilege and prefers what will redound to the benefit 
of the whole state. No reform can be accomplished in 
the interest of the public without opposition. It may be 
by a very small minority. Where so many new measures 
have been adopted as stand to the credit of the Demo¬ 
cratic party we must expect some dissatisfaction. Com¬ 
plaints may be made against our Governor. Clubs may 
be thrown at him, but I remember as a boy that the best 
apples were always to be found on the tree under which 
lay the most clubs. 

THE COURT OF THE PEOPLE. 

If there have been differences in our party ranks in 
the past few months, let them be forgotten in the face 
of the contest that is about to be waged. Let us present 
a solid front to the enemy and point our guns toward 
them, not toward one another. Democracy united can 
win. Democracy divided results in no good and g^ives 
only encouragement to our adversaries. Our family dif¬ 
ferences must be settled in our own ranks. True 
Democracy represents the people’s will, and in order that 



Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 81 


it might be more perfectly registered we have for years 
insisted upon party primaries to make our nominations 
and to settle our choice of our standard bearers. The 
primary is the court to which all true Democrats resort 
to register their choice. Every Democrat who is interested 
had his opportunity to go to the polls at his party primary 
in accordance with the true spirit of Democracy on August 
11th. Can anyone appeal to this court of Democracy and 
decline to abide its decree? If so, what is to become of 
the will of the majority, which is the law of Democracy? 
No, my Democratic friends, there must be no division; 
there must be united effort. The things done in the name 
of Democracy for the people, must receive the seal of 
approval at the election in November. 

STATE ISSUES. 

1 did not come here to talk State issues. They have 
already been ably discussed by our distinguished Chair¬ 
man, and no doubt will receive further consideration at 
the hands of Governor Cox, who has been chosen as your 
and my standard bearer, and by our distinguished At¬ 
torney General, Honorable Timothy S. Hogan, who is 
soon to join me in representing this great State in the 
Senate at Washington. 

I cannot, however, refrain from saying a word on the 
subject of taxation in Ohio, because it comes home in a 
peculiar sense to every man, woman and child who aid in 
the support of our state and local institutions. Some ob¬ 
jection has been raised to the Warnes law. I shall not 
pause to consider it in detail. I shall judge of its merits 
by its results. Ever since the adoption of the Constitu¬ 
tion of 1851 the assessors have been elected, and truth 
compels the statement that in many instances they have 
been elected not because of their competency to discharge 
their duties, but because of their incompetency. Often 
they have been elected because they have been put for¬ 
ward as candidates by men who were seeking not to make 
full returns of their possessions, but because they desired 
to avoid making full and proper returns, and we know 
that every time a man fails to make his full return every 
other man who makes a full return is compelled to suffer 
by a necessarily increased rate of taxation. This is not 
conjecture. This is but a plain statement of the un¬ 
varnished truth. If the old system operated so well in 
the past, how shall we explain the fact that during the 
two administrations of Governor Harmon and the ad¬ 
ministration of Governor Cox there have been added to 
the tax duplicate $1,300,000,000? 

It has not been added to the return of the laboring 
man, or of the small home owner, or to the farmer, or 
to the small business concern, or to the man who has 
made a full and proper return, but it has been added to 
those who heretofore have not made a full return in ac- 





82 Ohio Democratic Campaign Text/^Book, 1914. 

cordance with the Constitution and laws of the State of 
Ohio, which require that all property be returned accord¬ 
ing to its true value in money. • - 

The people of the great State of Ohio are not so much 
interested in the question as to how the assessor may be 
selected, as they are in knowing what the assessor has 
done after he has been selected. They are not so much 
interested in who shall select the assessors, as they are 
in knowing what shall be done by the assessors after they 
have been selected. For sixty-five years at least the as¬ 
sessors were elected in the various taxing districts and 
they failed to secure proper returns of the property in 
their respective districts. The present assessors have not 
created this $1,300,000,000 of property. It has not fallen 
suddenly like manna from heaven only to be discovered 
after it had fallen. Most of it existed and has been in 
hiding for many years. It has failed to bear its share of 
the burden. Are the people of this great state going to 
repudiate the work of the administrations which has re¬ 
sulted in uncovering this property which has heretofore 
been covered up? Not if I understand the public thought 
upon this subject. 

Let me leave this subject with just one other thought. 
As a result of this much maligned Warnes Law, Gover¬ 
nor Cox, a few weeks ago called the General Assembly 
together in extraordinary session. What for? For the 
purpose of raising revenue, or for the purpose of in¬ 
creasing the tax rate? No; for the purpose of cutting the 
state tax levy in two. And let me ask our Republican and 
Progressive critics, when, in all the history of Repub¬ 
licanism, in this state, did a Republican governor call 
together the General Assembly for the purpose of reducing 
taxes? 'Memory fails to record the time when the Re¬ 
publicans ever convened the legislature in extra session 
to relieve a tax burdened people. Whatever may be said 
by the critics of the Warnes law, I venture to predict that 
the voters in the state of Ohio this fall will register their 
votes in favor of full returns and lower rates under the 
Democratic system, rather than to approve the short re¬ 
turns and higher rates of the old Republican system. Even 
those who criticize this measure with their tongues, will 
be approving it in their hearts. The people are interested 
in knowing what has been ‘done,* rather than in the details 
of the method by which it has been done. 

NATIONAL ADMINISTRATION. 

I deem it a rare privilege to be permitted to aid our 
great Democratic President in administering the affairs of 
the national government. Woodrow Wilson will be re¬ 
corded in history as the greatest president since the days 
of Lincoln. No man in public life has a clearer head, a 
purer heart, or a cleaner hand, and what I admire most 
in him and above all these, is his stiff backbone. No man 




83 


Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 

who has come in contact with him can question his 
courage to do the right, and to do it at all times. He has 
an eye single to the public good. He is above all selfish 
purpose. He has consecrated himself solely to the public 
welfare. He can be trusted at all times, and under all 
conditions. No president in our lifetime has accomplished 
so much in so short a period. There is nothing to be 
desired more - than his re-election, and if life and health 
are spared him, no power on earth can defeat him. 

There are many things which this Democratic admin¬ 
istration has' done to which I would like to call your at¬ 
tention, but ' time forbids it. Up-to-date three great 
achievements kand out preeminently above all others to 
characterize the success of the administration. One is the 
law revising'the‘tariff and imposing the income tax; an¬ 
other the establishment of the federal reserve banking 
system, and a third, its foreign policy. 

TARIFF LEGISLATION. 

The Dingley Tariff'Law was scarcely placed upon the 
sitatute . books .until there arose over the entire country a 
gene-raT demand' from all*parties for its revision downard. 
Theodore Roosevelt,:.who is now condemning everything 
President Wilson has done, whether relating to the tariff 
or’any,other subject, was president for seven years and 
during this.-time^bad!:the-;support of a Republican House 
and. a Republican Senate. While in office he did nothing 
towards the, revision, of the tariff and would not permit 
Congress to do. any thing on the subject. During the cam¬ 
paign of 1912, and.since, he promised a downward revision 
of the tariff.; if he were elected, so as to place more of 
its benefits in the.pay eenvelopes-of the workingman blit 
he never told how he proposed to do it. No candidate 
ever promised more than Theodore Roosevelt during the 
campaign of 1912. The American people wondered why a 
man who in his own estimate seemed to sense, the interest 
of the public jSo dearly, *did not do more for their relief 
during the seven.years he occupied the presidential chair. 
They distrusted the man who promised to do the things 
if re-elected which for seven years he had the opportunity 
to do and failed to do.. ‘His pounds of promise were less 
potential with'the people than his ounce of performance. 

In 1908 President Taft was elected president upon a 
platform promising a revision of the tariff downward, as 
construed by the Republican ofators especially in the Cen¬ 
tral and far Western states. He, too, had the support of 
a Republican House and a Republican Senate. With all 
candor, permit me to say that I believe if he had had his 
own way he would have revised the tariff downward, but 
the old stalwart Republicans who controlled the Senate 
under the ^ leadership pf Senator Aldrich, ,and the House 
under.the,le^ldprshlp of Sereho E. Payne, iwould not listen 
to the ^promises that had been made by the-platform as 





84 Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 

construed by the party leaders prior to the election, and 
revised the tariff, if it may be called a revision, upwards. 
It was so bad that the woolen schedule was characterized 
by the president as “indefensible,” yet he signed the Bill. 

The people, finding that they could not trust either 
the man who had been president for seven years, or the 
man who was then president and had failed in the re¬ 
demption of their platform pledges, turned for relief from 
the iniquities of the Payne-Aldrich tariff law to the Demo¬ 
cratic party under the leadership of Woodrow Wilson, and 
the pledge which that party made in its platform to the 
people has since been redeemed. The Democratic Con¬ 
gress has been in continuous session since April 4th, 1913. 
It has reduced the tariff; it has corrected its inequalities; 
it has relieved the people of many of their burdens; the 
tariff taxes have been reduced from an average of about 
42 per cent to 26.65 per cent 

I cannot take the time now to go into the details of 
the changes from a high protective tariff to a revenue 
measure, but I predict that as time goes on the public is 
going to receive greater benefits from the present tariff 
measure than from any other measure we have had since 
the war. And while Democratic state administrations 
under Governor Cox and Governor Harmon have in¬ 
creased the returns of the railway corporations from $186,- 
000,000 to more than $600,000,000, and have increased the 
returns of personal property on the tax duplicate over 
$800,000,000, thereby placing the burdens of direct taxa¬ 
tion in the state on the shoulders of those who own the 
property which had been in hiding, and have compelled its 
owners to bear their proper share of the burden, the 
Democratic party in Congress, under the leadership of 
Woodrow Wilson adopted the Income Tax, the most just 
tax ever devised by man, and now is collecting about $6,- 
000,000 from those who have incomes of over $3,000, if 
single, and over $4,000, if married. 

Under Democratic administrations, national and state, 
it can no longer be said that it is the small home owner, 
or the small business concern, or the laboring man who 
has to bear the lion’s share of the burdens of taxation. 
He who has the property and the ability to pay is com¬ 
pelled to respond to the public for the just share of the 
expenses of the government, whose favors he enjoys, and 
under whose protection he has had the opportunity to 
accumulate. I predict that no matter what may be our 
political fortunes in the future we will never again see 
the time when the American people will willingly return 
to the high protective duties of the Dingley law or the 
Payne-Aldrich law. 

FEDERAL RESERVE ACT. 

For many years our people had been complaining of 
our banking and currency system. It was iHy adapted to 
our needs. Our reserve system which was intended for 




Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-INwk, 86 

the protection of depositors was badly devised Under 
the old system a part of the reserves of the country banks 
were required to be kept in a reserve city or a central 
reserve city, and a part of the reserves of the reserve 
city banks were required to be kept in the central reserve 
cities of New York, Chicago and St Louis. The reserve 
city banks loaned out a portion of the reserves the country 
banks deposited with them, and the central reserve ciU 
banks loaned out a portion of the reserves which had 
been deposited belonging to the reserve city banks or the 
country banks. The result was that the legal reserves 
were in fact represented partly by cash and partly by the 
loans which were made by the banks holding them. In 
this way the money of the country banks and reserve city 
banks drifted towards the great financial centers and it 
was there held in vaults, or used in speculation on the 
stock market, and was not available when needed by the 
depositing banks. In financial crises the great banks of 
the money centers could not or would not •meet the de¬ 
mands of their depositors though the money stood to 
their credit and hence we had hard times throughout the 
country. It was in this way that the panics of 1873, 1893 
and 1907 were brought on. They were bankers" panics, 
brought on by bankers, under the law as it had existed 
for years. By it the great financiers of the country played 
with banks as chess players would play with the pawns 
on a chess-board. They contracted the volume of available 
currency as they saw fit. They made loans on collateral, 
squeezed the borrowers, and sold their securities and 
bought them in when it suited their sweet will. 

Under the system devised by the Democratic party we 
now have twelve reserve banks in twelve reserve cities, in 
which the member banks, whether national or state, de¬ 
posit a part of their reserves and retain the balance in 
their vaults. They are reserve banks pure and simple. 
If a local member bank is short of current funds all it 
has to do is to take its prime commercial paper to the 
reserve bank of which it is a member and endorse it. The 
reserve bank re-discounts it and turns over the proceeds 
of the re-discounting to the member bank for the benefit 
of its depositors. If the regional reserve bank is short 
of funds it can take its re-discounted paper which it 
received from the member banks, deposit it with the gov¬ 
ernment reserve agent, provide the necessaiy gold, equal 
in amount to forty per cent of the notes to be issued, 
and secure additional currency known as reserve bank 
notes for the use of the business public. 

In this way we have provided against panics, and I 
do not believe that under this system it will ever be pos¬ 
sible for a few bankers or financiers in any financial center 
to bring on another panic such as we have witnessed in 
the past. I was very much impressed by the testimoy of 
Mr. Alexander Gilbert, formerly president of the New 
York Clearing House Association, before the Banking and 






Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914, 

Currency Committee, of which I have the honor to be a 
member, while the Reserve Act was being considered. In 
concluding his testimony, he said, in substance: 

. _ ‘Tn my career as a banker in New York 1 

passed through the panics of 1873, 1893 and 1907, 
and it is my deliberate judgment that if during 
. , those panics we could have had a bank of reserves 
similar to the one provided for in the pending bill, 
to w.hich we could have taken our commercial paper 
for rediscount, those awful panics would not have 
occurred, and the public would have been spared 
,the calamities which 'befell the business public in 
those great financial crises,” 

PRESIDENT WILSON'S FOREIGN POLICY. 

Our Republican and Progressive friends have 
criticised President Wilson’s foreign policy, particularly 
in < our relations with Mexico, According to the public 
press Colonel Roosevelt has referred to it as a policy of 
of “silly sentimentality,” No one who has not come in 
contact with Mexico- can appreciate the distinctive differ- 
e'nce's between-Her citizenship and ours. The revolutionary 
difficulties' -in' that distracted land began during the last 
administration; President Taft tried in every way to 
avoid intervention, ! When Woodrow Wilson became 
president the situation was growing more acute. He, too, 
tried in every possible way to pour oil on the troubled 
waters, Americans who had investments in Mexico were 
constantly appealing to the State Department for protec¬ 
tion for their property. Occasionally we heard of personal 
violence, committed against our citizens as had been the 
experience of 'the previous administration. It was a dif¬ 
ficult problem to solve. The law-abiding people of our 
great country could not understand why this situation 
should be permitted to continue in the Republic south of 
us.f Many did' not realize that we did not have the same 
jurisdiction there that we have here to control the ex¬ 
cesses of her people. When word would come that an 
American citizen had been a victim of violence, or that 
the property of her citizens was being destroyed by some 
Mexican soldiers or Revolutionists, we became impatient. 
One of two courses was open. We could intervene, or 
we- could pursue a policy of “watchful waiting” in the 
hope that'soon one party or the other would gain control 
and.Testore peace and order. Did those who wanted in¬ 
tervention stop to count the cost? No one questioned the 
ability of this great country of ours to send its armed 
forces into the heairt iOf Mexico and crush that people, but 
no true American wanted to. do so. I remember a promi¬ 
nent American who represented large interests in Mexico 
said 4o me i that the'American government ought to inter¬ 
vene to’.protect, American people and American property 
from the,.outrages to. which, they were being subjected. I 



Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, iyi4. t<7 


said to him, if we should have intervention, what would 
be required? The answer was, an army of fifty thousand 
soldiers to be maintained there perhaps for a generation 
and at a cost of millions upon millions of revenue. 

1 recall, too, that when the situation became more ag¬ 
gravated and it became necessary for us to send our troop^ 
to Vera Cruz, with W'hat feelings of grief and of hotror 
did we receive the news that nineteeh American boys'had 
given up their lives in the protection of the American 
tiag. We all recall the sympathy which Was extended /to 
the homes of those faithful sons of America. A feeling 
of suppressed grief pervaded the entire country. ' it was 
an awful thing to lose nineteen lives, but it would have 
been more frightful if there had been war and our sons 
and brothers had been sent to the front to meet the 
fortunes of war. No one can tell, if we had intervened, 
how long we would have been compelled to remain in 
Mexico, or what would have been the cost in treasure or 
blood. When 1 thought of what might have been, I re¬ 
membered that a little more than a year ago T wen: 
through the flooded districts in Columbus, and Dayton, 
and Hamilton. I saw the splendid service that was being 
rendered by the members of the Ohio National Guard and 
their officers in extending relief to our people, and 1 
thought if there had been intervention how many of these 
brave boys, who are our neighbors and our friends, would 
have lost their lives. What sorrow would have been 
brought to our homes! It is too appalling to think of. 

In the Senate Chamber and in the House of Repre¬ 
sentatives at Washington many speeches were made by 
Republicans and Progressives condemning President Wil¬ 
son’s policy of “watchful waiting” but their sneers and 
their jeers had hardly died out until we began to hear 
the tramp, tramp, tramp of the vast armies of the nations 
of Europe in that awful conflict which is now waging. 
Up-to-date if we may believe what we see in the public 
prints there have been more than 100,000 casualties in the 
few short days since the war began. What sorrow, what 
wailing and weeping in more than 100,000 homes! Who 
among the grief-stricken friends of the soldiers who have 
lost their lives or limbs in that great catastrophe- would 
not have prayed that their sovereigns might too have been 
guided by Woodrow Wilson’s policy of “watchful wait¬ 
ing”? 

A few years ago the great Boer war in South America 
was fought. What trouble might have been spared to that 
people if there had been a little “watchful waiting”! 
Within a year another gigantic struggle took place in 
Southern Europe known as the Balkan war. What thou¬ 
sands of lives might have been saved if there had been a 
policy of “watchful waiting” I 

President Wilson’s policy of “watchful waiting” may 
have been “silly sentimentality” in the minds of some, but 
I prefer it to the struggle that is going on in ^^urope 






8^ Ohio Democratic Campaign Text-Book, 1914. 

today. 1 prefer the angel of peace to the angel of death. 
i prefer that the president should do everything in his 
power to stay the arm of Mars, rather than to exert his 
efforts to conquer a neighboring people. I had rather 
be Woodrow Wilson as the preserver of peace in the 
American world than to be any of the sovereigns of 
Europe who are responsible for the great carnage that is 
taking place in continental Europe. 

What is characterized as “watchful waiting” con¬ 
stitutes only one of the efforts which Woodrow Wilson 
is putting forth looking towards the world peace. Al¬ 
ready nineteen peace treaties with foreign nations have 
been ratified, and others are being negotiated through the 
efforts of President Wilson and his distinguished Secre¬ 
tary of State, Hon. William Jennings Bryan, whom we 
all love to honor. They provide, in substance, when in¬ 
ternational differences arise which cannot be adjusted by 
arbitration, a board of inquiry shall be appointed to in¬ 
vestigate and report the facts not later than a year from 
the date of submission. The purpose of these treaties is 
to give an opportunity for the blood to cool and for the 
adjustment of differences over the council table, rather 
than by the arbitrament of war. All of this is but a con¬ 
tinuation of the policy of “watchful waiting.” 

“Peace hath her victories no less renowned than those 
of war.” 

I trust that every effort which can be put forth, 
whether as a government or as individuals, shall be in 
furtherance of the splendid foreign policy of Woodrow 
Wilson, in the interest of peace rather than in the interest 
of war, and I believe that the American people by their 
suffrages will show their approval of what has been done 
and is doing in that behalf. 

There are other subjects I would like to discuss and 
shall on some other occasion, but our brilliant standard 
bearer. Governor Cox, has come in and we all want to 
hear the splendid message he has for us. Likewise, we 
want to hear from Hon. Timothy S. Hogan, who stood 
so valiantly by his side, and who has so ably conducted 
for two terms the legal affairs of this great state, and who 
r know is soon to join myself and the Democratic Con¬ 
gressmen at Washington in upholding the national Demo¬ 
cratic administration. 




“THE 

NEW 

OHIO 


M uch information of value, supplementary 
to the contents of the campaign text book 
of 1914, is contained in the booklet “The 
New Ohio,” which may be obtained of the Demo¬ 
cratic State Headquarters on application. You 
should read every word contained in “The New 
Ohio” and should see to it that every one of your 
neighbors and friends has a chance to read it. 

“The New Ohio” is a historical review of the 
accomplishments of the past two years, non- 
poitical in character, but containing the informa¬ 
tion which is of greatest value in the furtherance 
of the gospel of good deeds on which Democratic 
campaign in Ohio rests. 

Contained in “The New Ohio” is the story of 
the advance in the science and business of govern¬ 
ment, which has made Ohio the leader of all the 
states in the Union, carrying out the policies here 
which are part and parcel of the wonderful admin¬ 
istration of President Woodrow Wilson. Such 
information as may be needed is given concerning 
the Workmen’s Compensation Law, the Warnes 
Tax Law, the New School Code, the Good Roads 
Program, and the other accomplishments which 
have been given by an honest Democratic admin¬ 
istration, carrying out the demands of the people, 
and keeping the pre-election pledges to the letter. 
These are the things which would be destroyed 
by the return of a reactionary Republican admin¬ 
istration, and these are the things you want to 
know and talk about. 

Acquaint yourself thoroughly with the Demo¬ 
cratic candidates, their records of accomplishment 
and performances, and their promises, as con¬ 
tained in this text book. Inform yourself about 
your state and its progress by reading “The New 
Ohio.” You will then be able to enlighten others. 












LIBRARY OF CON S 


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STATE DEMOCRATIC TICKET. = 


For Governor 
JAMES M. COX 
Dayton, Montgomery County 


For Lieutenant Governor 
W. A. GREENLUND 
Cleveland, Cuyahoga County 


For Secretary of State 
J. H. SECREST 
Columbus, Franklin County 


For State Treasurer 
JOHN P. BRENNAN 
Urbana, Champaign County 


For Attorney General 
JOSEPH McGHEE 
Jackson, Jackson County 


For Clerk of the Supreme Court 
FRANK E. McKEAN 
Cleveland, Cuyahoga County 


For United States Senator 
TIMOTHY S. HOGAN 
Columbus, Franklin County 





NOTE:—Following on the regular ballot will 
be the names of candidates for Representatives 
to Congress, and the regular district and county 
officers. 

Democratic candidates for judicial officers ap¬ 
pear on separate ballots, without party designa¬ 
tion. The Democratic State Judicial candidates 
are: For Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, 

Hugh L. Nichols; For Supreme Court Judge, J. 
Foster Wilkin, of New Philadelphia, Tuscarawas 
County; and Phil M. Crow, Kenton, Hardin 
County. The names will alternate, and will not 
appear the same on two consecutive tickets. 
Remember the Democratic candidates by placing 
an X mark before each name. ^ 














































